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What is Competency-Based Education

Handbook of Research on Competency-Based Education in University Settings
An educational method focused on learning outcomes and the demonstration of knowledge and skills by students rather than on seat time and traditional credit hours.
Published in Chapter:
Measuring What Matters: The UW Flexible Option's Framework to Measure Success from the Student Vantage Point
Aaron Brower (University of Wisconsin – Extension, USA), Sandra Kallio (University of Wisconsin – Extension, USA), Rebecca Karoff (University of Texas System, USA), Mark Mailloux (University of Wisconsin – Extension, USA), and David Schejbal (University of Wisconsin – Extension, USA)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0932-5.ch014
Abstract
This chapter demonstrates that competency-based education requires a different set of student success metrics, and introduces the metrics framework developed by and for the University of Wisconsin's UW Flexible Option (UW Flex). UW Flex is a direct assessment competency-based self-paced model for earning degrees and certificates from institutions in the UW System. It was supported by a grant from Lumina Foundation to develop a competency-based education blueprint for success and includes a set of student-centric metrics meaningful to the model, the curriculum, and the students who are being served in Flex programs. The framework defines student success as students moving through programs at their own pace, demonstrating mastery of subject matter, and meeting academic goals. Program-level metrics aggregate each of these three student-level metrics to provide useful information about the success of a program. The authors also build the case that strategic management of resources is required to overcome challenges inherent in implementing the UW Flexible Option metrics framework.
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Technology-Enabled Innovation for Academic Transformation in Higher Education
An online degree model that is focused on discipline-specific competences, rather than credit hours and seat time over semesters. Students’ learning and degree attainment are confirmed through a series of assessments on the competences.
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Curriculum Development for Adult Learners in Career and Technical Education
Based on the book, Philosophical Foundations of Adult Education by Elias and Merriam, since the mid-1990s, competency-based education has been eclipsed by the notion of “standards-based” or skill standards. The “fixed standard” for workforce education is via skill standards set up by the National Skills Standards (NSSB). Established in 1994, the NSSB has as its mission to develop skills standards in each of the 15 industry sectors, and to establish assessment and certification systems. Standards-based education is well suited to adult vocational education for several reasons: it allows for individual differences in terms of the starting point for instruction; the time it takes a student to master competencies is flexible and dependent upon individual ability; learning specified competencies may be done in a variety of ways from formal class activities to life or work experiences; criterion-referenced evaluation is non-threatening; it is an ideal vehicle for a self-directed individual learning experience (2005, pp. 100-101).
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Experimentation With Competency-Based Education at the University of Phoenix
The term used to describe a non-traditional approach taken by a growing number of colleges and universities that, in contrast to seat time, progresses students based on demonstrations of mastery rather than on time spent in class/study.
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Facilitating Student Empowerment and Agency Through the “Scaffolded Autonomy” Approach to Curriculum Design
A model of curriculum design wherein student success is judged solely by their output and all learning activities are focused on developing predetermined competencies.
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PLA as a Tool: Lessons From Florida
Instructional system created through design and development strategies that promote self-paced mastery learning of clearly identified objectives that is documented through student performance in authentic assessments, that showcase transferrable skills to the workplace.
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The Challenge of CBE Programs: Administrative and Technological Considerations of Non-Semester-Based Programs
A personalized approach to student learning that focuses on measuring student’s knowledge, skills, and attitudes rather than classroom time allowing students to advance based on the mastery of competencies.
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Child Development Associate (CDA) Credential: A Competency-Based Framework for Workforce Development
Flexible systems of instruction based on students demonstration of attained knowledge and skills developed related to specific areas of workforce education necessary for field of study.
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Designing and Developing Skills- and Competency-Based Environments: Micro and Macro Strategies
Instructional system created through design and development strategies that promote self-paced mastery learning of clearly identified objectives that is documented through student performance in authentic assessments, that showcase transferrable skills to the workplace.
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The DACUM Virtual Institute: A Case Study in Designing for Adult Learners
Approach to learning in which learners focus on skill-development over the memorization of content knowledge, with the goal of skill mastery. Competency-based education is especially common in workplace training.
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A Framework for the Evaluation of Competency-Based Curriculum
Education that is structured on a competency model rather than credit hours or certain content themes. The educational program is deliberately designed, implemented, and evaluated based on the competencies that it is built on.
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Beyond High-Stakes Assessment
Educational programming that prioritizes the learner’s skills, proficiencies, and needs, as opposed to educational programming.
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Current Status and Future Directions of Blended Learning Models
Educational program in which students must demonstrate mastery of core skills (or competencies) rather than complete a certain number of credit hours.
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Developing a Competency-Based Instructor Training Model of Professional Development: A Key Component for Competency-Based Instructional Programs
Competency-based education refers to systems of instruction, assessment, grading, and academic reporting that are based on students demonstrating that they have learned the knowledge, skills and attitudes they are expected to learn as they progress through their education. The general goal of competency-based learning is to ensure that students are acquiring the knowledge, skills and attitudes that are deemed to be essential to success in school, higher education, careers, and adult life.
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Digital Devices and Digital Culture
A method of awarding credit to students based on self-paced mastery of knowledge and skills instead of the traditional structured “credit hours” given for time spent in class.
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Building Competence: A Historical Perspective of Competency-Based Education
An instructional approach that places more control over the learning process with the student, rather than the instructor making all learning decisions regarding the course or program. Students demonstrate the ability to meet competencies set by the program or school.
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