A Methodological Review on Copy-Move Forgery Detection for Image Forensics

Copy Move Forgery Detection

Copy Move forgery is an easy form of image tampering. Figure 1 gives examples for Copy Move attack. In copy-move forgery, a region in the image is copied and pasted in some other part of the same image. As the source and the target regions are from the same image, the image features like noise, colour, illumination condition etc. will be same for the forged region and the rest of the image. This is the basis for all copy-move forgery detection algorithms. Some form of post-processing like rotation, scaling, blurring, noise addition, reflection, compression also are performed before the region is pasted. This makes the forgery detection more complex. So the important step in such a forgery detection technique would be extraction of features, which are invariant to the above said post-processing operations, from the image. A method that is robust to some form of post-processing may not be adequate to detect forgery with another type of post-processing. Figure 1 is an example of copy-move forgery. Figure 1 has been taken from the MICCF220 (Amerini, Ballan, Caldelli, & Sera, 2011) database.

Figure 1.

Image forged by copying and pasting the park lamp