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Top2. Grammatical Comparisons Of Japanese And Uighur
Uyghur, like all the other Turkic languages, has a word order of subject+object+verb (SOV), and is considered to be an agglutinative language with very productive inflectional and derivational suffixation process in which a sequence of inflectional and derivational morphemes get affixed to a word stem. In Uyghur, a verb could have hundreds of word forms by sequentially adding different affixes to the word stem. Japanese, which is also considered to be an agglutinative language, also has the same word order and morphological features as Uyghur. Some researches show that this morphological and syntactic closeness is sufficient to obtain a relatively good translation result from Japanese into Uyghur on a transfer approach (Yasuhiro Ogawa,2000; Polat Kadir,2004). In the following sections, we will make a comparison between Japanese and Uyghur in two different levels: morphology and syntax with a close attention focused on their differences.
2.1. Morphological Comparison
As we compare the word formation, we could find that in both Japanese and Uighur, word forms are generated by attaching many suffixes denoting case, mood, person, tense, etc. to one word stem as seen in Example(1).
(1)kuralmiganliktin(“as it was not seen”)
kur + al +mi+ghan + liqtin
(見ら れ な かった ので)
kur/見ら(see):stem
+al/れ:passive voice
+mi/な:negation
+ghan/かった:past tense
+liqtin/ので:causal form
Generally, Japanese and Uyghur share a significant amount of morphological and syntactic features in common. However, there are also some differences in word formation of nouns, verbs, etc. In the following sections we will take a look at some aspects of word forming where Japanese and Uyghur differs.