Fifth-generation (5G) communication will be formally released very soon, with several more characteristics than fourth-generation communication. Between 2027 and 2030, a revolutionary wireless transmission paradigm, the 6G network, with full artificial intelligence integration, is projected to be implemented. Faster ultimate bearing ability, higher bandwidth speed, reduced dormancy, and enhanced quality of service (QoS) compared to 5G systems are among some of the key challenges that need to be resolved throughout 5G. This chapter discusses the variations of 6G data transmission and its system architectures. It gives a thorough look at the 6G network's specifications, including the wireless medium and various technologies. More specifically, this chapter emphasizes the different features of the planned 6G networks using ultra-dense heterogeneous network (UD HetNets) scenarios and implementations. This chapter explores the 5G/6G network's key performance indicators (KPI), difficulties, and research directions.
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The Internet of Things (IoT), three-Dimensional (3D) media, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Virtual Reality (VR) have all witnessed rapid rise in traffic (Alsharif & Rosdiadee Nordin, 2017). The traffic is8 EB/month in the earlier 2010, and it is anticipated to increase to 5000 EB/month by 2030 (Sergey, Vitaly, Mischa, & Halim, 2019). The importance of improving communications infrastructure is mainly needed. The World is becoming a civilisation ruled by fully automated systems. Production, agriculture, commerce, the oceans, and aerospace are all areas where autonomous robots are gaining popularity. Thousands of scanners are installed to provide effective utilisation and autonomous systems. These programs will need high data throughput and consistent connectivity. Cellular systems of the 5th generation (5G) were in use in various parts of the world. By 2022, 5G is fully operational across the world.5G Wired connections will not be able to create a fully automated network that offers anything as a single, total immersion experience (Shanzhi, Ying Chang, Shaohui, Shaoli, Wenchi, & Mugen, 2020). Despite the fact that 5G fiberoptic cables will significantly outperform existing models, they will not meet the expectations of IoT and commercial processes until at least the next ten years (Chiaraviglio & Melazzi, 2018). The proposed system will offer advanced functionalities and a higher QoS than 4G communications (Yueyue, Du Xu & Zhuang, 2019; Ding & Poor, 2019; Giordani & Zorzi, 2019; Gu, 2018). 5G includes bandwidths (mm), better spectrum utilisation and supervision, and unlicensed band. Nonetheless, 5G wireless internet connectivity may be outstripped by the fast expansion of data-centric and automated technology. In 5G communication, the intersection of connection, intelligence, sensing, control, and processing functions was largely overlooked. Future Internet of Things (IoE) applications, on the other hand, will require this convergence. Virtual worlds, for example, need data rates of at least 10 Gbps (Alsharif & Rosdiadee Nordin, 2017), thus they must advance beyond 5G. (B5G). When a result, as 5G reaches its limits in 2030, academics are already looking into the design goals for the next phase.