Education in Egypt and its Role in the Global Community

Egyptian Educational Administration

The government is responsible for the management and supervision of education at all levels according to the Egyptian Constitution (Cochran, 2008). The supervision of education is mainly the responsibility of the Ministry of Education and the responsibility for pre-higher education is based on the provisions of Education Act No. 139 (Egyptian Ministry of Education, 1981). In accordance with its provisions, the resultant educational system is a model that reflects central planning and decentralized implementation (Abdel-Moneim, 1997; Abdel-Shafi, 1996). The educational management system includes four administrative levels related to decision making which are the Ministry of Education, Directorate level, Educational Administration, and School level (Hassan, 2000). All levels of education administration use a regulatory and legal framework which influences educational decision making. A major function of education administration is to provide for planning, accountability, and formation of public policy for education, and to resolve any problems (Abdul-Fattah, 1996; Ministry of Education, 1993).