Green Composites and Their Properties: A Brief Introduction

Introduction

The first natural fibre based composites were appeared in 1908. Green composites are a specific part of bio-composites, in which bio-based polymer matrix is reinforced by natural fibers; they symbolize a developing area in polymer science. In a situation like increment in oil price, the use of green composites is helpful not only in making the environment better but also from an economical perspective. The newest development in the field of bio-composites is the substitution of oil-derived polymers with polymers from renewable resources as the matrix component. Such materials are termed as ‘‘green composites”. Green composites are less in cost and are decomposable. There is a mounting need to develop bio- based products and other advanced skills that can decrease our dependence on fossil fuel. Bio-based resources include industrial goods, wood, wood wastes and remains. Bio composites which are eco-friendly are new materials they are not just a solution to growing environmental danger but also as a solution to the ambiguity of petroleum supply. Green composites, which are a mixture of natural fibers and bio plastics, have appeared as hopeful replacements to conventional glass fiber composites because they carry a widespread range of benefits, such as biodegradability, renewable and low density. In recent years, efforts have been made to lessen the use of expensive glass, carbon fibers and also reduce the car’s weight by taking advantage of the lower density natural fibers. Natural fibres like sisal, jute, abaca and coir are been in use as reinforcement in composites. Most of the composites are built using polymers and synthetic fibers. These polymers are threat to the environment. As a result, bio based composites have drawn much attention. As compared to synthetic fibres, natural plant-based fibres have various advantages. These natural fibres are low in cost, high thermal insulation and biodegradability. At present, numbers of biodegradable and green composites have been advanced with enhanced mechanical properties using different natural fibers. The performance of green composites relies on the properties of the natural fibers used for reinforcement. Though, green composites have some drawbacks, but these natural fibers don’t have any effect on the environment hence, are useful.