Implementation of Flooding Free Routing in Smart Grid: VCP Routing in Smart Gird

Introduction of Smart Grid

Energy is a main source of modern economic development world. More energy is required with the increasing of world’s population needs. The global demand for energy grows with the growth of developing countries as they enter industrial and services stages of development. The Smart Grid is a complete system that includes the operational and energy measures such as Smart Meters, Smart Home Appliances, different renewable energy sources such as solar & wind energy system and energy efficiency resources. The generation of electricity as per customer requirement and distribution of electricity are the most important aspects of smart grid technology. Smart Grid is a solution of drawbacks in current electric grid and is a full suite that can solve the problems form production to distribution in current electric grid. Smart Grid is an addition of Information Technology (IT) in current electric grid. The important part of the motivation of the use of IT in Electric grid for Smart Grid is to be able to provide two way flow of information for communications in Smart Grid among different components. Through Smart Grid solutions the energy requirements can be fulfilled however for this purpose the complete implementation of Smart Grid from the production to consumption point and the necessary communication between all the parts of Smart Grid is necessary.

Smart Grid Requirements and Challenges

In current Electricity System the control centers for monitoring the power grid components are used. This system is called Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA). This system provides communication between these control centers and substations of Smart Grid. Smart Grid is the introduction of communications and automatic control capabilities in electric power grid for improving efficiency, reliability, environmental, economics, management, security and safety of electric power grid. Smart Grid can be used for better management of electricity generation, transformation, distribution and load balancing. The reliable, scalable, robust, and secure communication network is important component for the successful operations of Smart Grid. The results of improvement in Electric Grid the resultant Smart Grid have following features/benefits:

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  The decrement of rate and deduction in length of outages due to customer awareness of electricity use and prices though smart meters.

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  Improvement in Power quality issues that result the reduction in number of disruptions.

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  Reduction in Electricity prices due to awareness of lower prices in electricity use information.

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  Smart Grid is automatic system therefore the maintenance cost is reduced.

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  Smart Grid can use available assets bitterly.

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  Security of Smart Grid is improved cyber and physically than Electricity Grid.

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  Smart Gird provides safety of electricity Hazards.

In Figure 1 the electricity Power Control is displayed the communication & control management converts traditional electricity system into modern Smart Grid power control system. The Smart Grid is fully accommodating traditional (hydraulic, oil, nuclear etc) and renewable (wind, solar and water etc) energy sources then the electricity is transmitted from generation points to distribution points by Transmission Control Center. The Distribution Control Center communicates with Transmission Control Center and distributes electricity power between industrial, commercial and residential areas. All levels of electricity power are connected through communication network and managed/supervised through control systems.

Figure 1.

Smart grid power control system

Applications of Smart Grid

The Smart Grid is an enhancement of traditional electric power grid. The overview of some applications of Smart Grid is as per following for understating the system.