Intelligent Pest Control Using Internet of Things Design and Future Directions

Introduction

The agriculture sector in India plays a major role in the development of Indian economy. More than 50 percent of the people of India are directly or indirectly related to the agriculture sector. Around 80% of the farmers are marginal or small farmers who hold only less than 2 hectares. The revenue generated to a farmer is very less or many time loss is suffered. The major reasons behind the loss incurred are natural misfortunes such as drought, flood etc. The other reasons include less crop productivity, crop quality, expenses incurred in the cultivation of crops (Nagaraj 2008). Further, the area of management is another prime issue faced by the farmers where monitoring each and every crop for possible disease infections and other problems is a challenging task. This lack of previous records has made the farmers lack in motivation to try new and hybrid crops for their region. Major smart agriculture techniques are modeled only for large farmers(Nagaraj et al., 2014). (Negrete 2018) states that the poverty of Mexico country can be reduced by increasing the agriculture productivity of Mexico. The research work on the improvement of agriculture using the internet originated in China and now it is prominently done in India. The technological advances can be used to uplift the small farmers. The introduction of low-cost IoT devices, cloud management, and WAN can solve the issues faced by Indian farmers. (Negrete et.al., 2018) surveyed the use of Aurdino board in agriculture because of its low cost and good application. He suggested the use of Aurdino board based IoT application in Mexico to lower the labor cost and increase the production of crops. By combining agriculture modernization and smart farming the problems faced by farmers can be resolved. A more promising solution to address these problems is to place sensors in different locations that could monitor round the clock about the data related to temperature, humidity, precipitation, soil conditions that include dissolved nitrogen and other mineral levels etc. Also through sensors, the farmers can decide on when to spray pesticide and the kind of chemical composition need to eradicate the disease. Using the cloud data repositories the climatic data can be analyzed and more precise forecasting model can be predicted using the historical data. By integrating cloud and IoT, there is an immense opportunity to harness the benefits of both the technology that could provide a high-speed information system to handle the communication between the sensors and the object in charge that monitors the sensors. Providing a data access model based on the cloud will help in filling the gap in between delay and energy requirements for energy restricted entities. Further, the cloud-based IOT provides better monitoring and handling of more difficult situations created by the sensor’s real-time data. Hence, it is necessary to model smart agriculture for the benefit of small farmers also. In this chapter smart agriculture for pest control is modeled which can increase the crop yield, quality and reduce the production cost.