IoT and Healthcare: Study of Conceptual Framework and Applications

Introduction

The term Internet of Things often delegates network connectivity and computing power to objects, sensors, and everyday objects that can be considered computers, and these devices deliver data with minimal human intervention. A situation in which one can generate, share, and make available. But there is no single definition of the universe.

Figure 1.

IoT Framework

The Internet of Things has many complex ideas that are integrated in different ways. The idea of ​​assembling computers, sensors and networks to monitor and control devices has been around for decades. However, with the recent integration of many technologies market trends, the Internet of Things is approaching a widespread reality. These include free communications, widespread acceptance of IP-based networks, computing economics, miniaturization, advances in data analytics, and the rise of cloud computing. IoT implementations use different communication models, each with its own characteristics (Stankovic, 2014). The four common communication types defined by the Internet Architecture Board include Device-to-Device, Device-to-Cloud, Device-to-Gateway, and Back-End-Data-Sharing. These models emphasize the flexibility of how IoT devices connect and provide value to users. As speculation and IoT styles become a reality, it may be necessary to rethink the impacts and challenges of the world where the most common Internet connections come from offline activities, rather than being actively involved in content. A potential sign of this “connected world” effect is an agreement for the general purpose of the Internet itself, which does not impose environmental restrictions on applications or services that can use the technology. A good implementation of IoT devices promises to change many aspects of the approach we live in. Among consumers, new IoT products are popular internet-enabled devices, home automation components, and energy management devices, and people are thinking of a safer and more efficient “at home”. Some personal IoT devices are similar healthcare monitoring and healthcare devices and medical devices that are enabled over the network and changing the way healthcare services is delivered (Zhang et al., 2019). This technology is beneficial to both people with disabilities and the elderly and promises to enable independence and improved quality of life at a reasonable cost (Abawajy and Hassan, 2017). IoT systems such as connected cars, intelligent transportation systems, and sensors installed on roads and bridges are approaching the concept of “smart in city” that helps reduce traffic congestion and power consumption. IoT technology transforms access to information in agriculture, industry, and energy production and distribution, offering the potential to evaluate production execution using networked sensors. However, there are many challenges to the IoT that need to be considered and addressed in order to plan potential benefits. Some viewers see the IoT as an advanced “smart” world of revolution, progress, efficiency and opportunity, and the ability to add billions of dollars in value to the industry and the global economy. Some warn that the IoT is a precursor to the dark world of surveillance, privacy and security breaches, and consumer containment (Chen, 2004). Headlines about Internet hacking vehicles, alert concerns about the voice recognition capabilities of “smart” TVs, and secret concerns about power abuse by IoT data are drawing public attention. The discussion of “promises and risks” and the flow of information despite popular media and marketing can make the IoT a confusing understanding of the topic.

Figure 2.

Architecture of the proposed IoT framework