Abstract
This chapter will identify and elaborate on the migratory phenomenon, or migration, in general, indicating the displacement of one person or group of people, which can happen within the same country (internal migration) or through crossing international borders (international migration). International migration, therefore, involves the country of provenance/origin of the person and one or more countries of transit, and finally, a country of destination. The term migration, therefore, embraces all types of displacements without distinction in terms of temporal, spatial, and causal amplitude. It includes economic, environmental, forced migration, family reunification, and other variants. Consequently, the migrant is a person who, for whatever reason, moves from the country of origin. However, the definition of a migrant is not universally accepted.
TopMethodological Bases Of Research
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) specifies in article 13 that: (UN, 1948)
- 1.
Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within
- 2.
Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to
Movement is therefore an established and recognized human right internationally. Despite this, in recent decades, the policies of immigration states have helped to categorize migrations and migrants, creating categories of migrants.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Criminal Groups: A structured group of three or more persons, existing for a period of time and acting cooperatively with the aim of committing one or more serious crimes or offences.
International Organisation: Entities established by formal political agreements between their members that have the status of international treaties; their existence is recognised by law in their member countries; they are not treated as resident institutional units of the countries in which they are located.
Migration: Process of moving, either across an international border or within a country, encompassing any kind of movement of people, regardless of the causes.
Security: The state of being or feeling secure; freedom from fear, anxiety, danger, doubt; state or sense of safety or certainty.
Corruption: The abuse of entrusted power for private gain.
Labour: The economic work of men and women, whether with hand or head.
Immigrant: A person living in a country other than that of his or her birth.
Globalisation: An increasing internationalisation of markets for goods and services, the means of production, financial systems, competition, corporations, technology, and industries.