Obstructive Sleep Apnea Analysis Techniques

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Analysis Techniques

Esra Dogru-Huzmeli, Nihan Katayifci, Irem Huzmeli
Copyright: © 2021 |Pages: 14
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8018-9.ch003
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Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disease in adults between 20 and 100 years of age and its prevalence has been reported to be higher in males than in females. There are several methods for measuring the severity of OSA. These include measuring the number of apnea and hypopneas per hour of sleep (apnea-hypopnea index: AHI), the degree of oxygen desaturation during sleep, or the severity of daytime sleepiness, which is the most common condition that negatively affects the quality of life. The gold standard test for the diagnosis of OSA is polysomnography. The pulse oximeter, home sleep apnea testing, SleepQuest device, peripheral arterial tonometry, ApneaLink Plus device, maximum static inspiratory pressure, and maximum static expiratory pressure measurements are preferred methods for OSA diagnosis.
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Diagnosing Methods Of Osa

Polysomnography

The gold standard test for the diagnosis of OSA is Polysomnography (PSG) in adult patients (Kapur et al., 2017). Sleep laboratory with the technician's accompaniment is needed to perform PSG. Electroencephalography, electrooculography, electromyography, and electrocardiography (ECG) are recorded during PSG to establish sleep stages, arousal, motion, and sleep-related cardiac arrhythmia. Airflow is detected by the nasal pressure sensor and a thermistor and also thoracic movements are perceived by respiratory inductive plethysmography (Peppard et al., 2013, Young et al., 1993).

Advantages of PSG are; usually examines various bodily systems (such as EEG for brain activity), and often examines more unique body signals, can be used as comparison for other diagnostic tests, can identify other sleep disorders. On the other hand, PSG is an expensive method due to the cost of the assessment duration, needing a qualified technician, and equipment costs. The consequent economic burden and long wait times and limited access to PSG have led to growing interest in less costly procedures with common access. So home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) was developed. HSAT is widely used for patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea. (Cooksey and Balachandran., 2016)

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