Overview and Performance Analysis of Ad-Hoc on-Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol

Overview and Performance Analysis of Ad-Hoc on-Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol

Jahangir Khan
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-0321-9.ch010
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Abstract

Ad-Hoc on demand distance vector routing protocol (AODV) is a reactive routing protocol in the arena of mobile ad-hoc network. In order to concentrate on the performance in ad-hoc networks, one must pay attention to the technological advancements and applications of MANETS, going on the track of 3G and has the potential to make a tremendous stance in 5G. In evolutionary view, 5G will be capable of supporting Wireless World Wide Web (WWWW), allowing high flexibility in dynamic ad-hoc networks. This intelligent technology is capable of interconnecting the entire world without limitations. AODV can make a very good contribution in 3G-5G technologies in order to prove its correctness and performance evolution in MANETS routing protocols. The objective of this Master’s research is to extend and evaluate proposed routing protocol to be suitable for mobile ad hoc networks. In order to improve performance and selecting the packet delivery fraction, end-to-end delay and also route discovery frequency should be compared with global statistics frequencies. The correctness and performance evaluation of the proposed protocol should be done theoretically and implemented through simulation, using OPNET simulator to improve routing performance and end to end data delivery.
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Background

Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing algorithm is a routing protocol designed for mobile ad hoc networks and is using on-demand routing approach for establishment of route between nodes. As it uses on-demand routing therefore it built route to transmit data packets when the source node desired and is trying to maintain established route as long as they are needed. AODV protocol has quality to support unicast, multicast, and broadcast routing with loop free, self starting and scalable characteristics. AODV protocol routes data packets between mobile nodes of ad hoc network. This protocol allows mobile nodes to pass data packets to required destination node through neighbor’s node which cannot directly communicate. Nodes of network periodically exchange information of distance table to their neighbors and ready for immediate updates. AODV protocol is responsible to select shortest and loop free route from table to transfer data packets. In case of errors or changes in selected route, AODV is able create a new route for the rest of transmission.

Route Management

AODV routing protocol in ad hoc network communicate between mobile nodes through four types of different messages.

  • Route Request

  • Route Reply

  • Route Error

  • Hello Message

To establish a route between source and destination node Route Request (RREQ) and Route Reply (RREP) packet query cycle are used. Route Error (REER) and HELLO data packets are used for route maintenance. (Lin)

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