The utilization of polymers as electrical insulating materials has been developing quickly in recent decades. The build polymer properties have been created, eventually perusing the inclusion of a few diverse fillers if they are exorbitant of the polymer material. This chapter contains the realistic characterization of nanodielectrics that handled the polyethylene nanodielectrics characterization. The chapter contains also the polypropylene nanodielectrics, polyvinyl chloride nanodielectrics. Finally, this chapter focuses on new multi-nanocomposites insulation materials.
Top7.1 Polyethylene Nano-Dielectric Characterization
Nano-clay is a circular particle in shape, and it may be largely regarded as significant mark in controlling nanoclay for polymer provisions. Costless of clay impetus, it can be the best filler of nanoparticles industrial materials. Nano-fumed silica is generally utilized with a rheology modifier, conferring exceptionally thixotropic properties towards generally low rates. Fumed silica powders are utilized in paints and coatings, silicone elastic and silicone sealants, adhesives, link mixes and gels, printing inks and toner, and plant security. On the other hand, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is a thermoplastic aggravated from petroleum, and it may be characterized by a thickness range of (0.910 - 0.940) g/cm3. LDPE holds the concoction components of carbon and hydrogen. High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) is a polyethylene thermoplastic aggravated from petroleum. HDPE has minimal branching, providing for it stronger intermolecular drives and rigidity over lower-density polyethylene.
Polyethylene is a thermoplastic constructed from petroleum, inert during space temperatures and with everything; except solid oxidizing agents and a percentage of solvents creating swelling. It can withstand temperatures of 80°C and 95°C for a short to a long haul. This polymer is a business material that is utilized in the manufacturing of high-voltage mechanical items. Polyethylene nanocomposites films are made, eventually perusing the utilization of dissolving polyethylene (LDPE, and HDPE), then, blending and infiltrating nanoparticles inside the base matrix polyethylene towards current ultra-nationalistic gadgets. Clay and fumed silica nanoparticles are cheap impetuses that transform the properties of industrial materials with respect to the physical fabricate procedure. SEM pictures for polyethylene nanocomposites films delineate the infiltration from the controlling nanoparticles inside low-density polyethylene and high-density polyethylene, as demonstrated in Fig. 1. Table 1 depicts the measured electric and dielectric properties for polyethylene nanocomposites materials
Figure 1. SEM images for polyethylene nanocomposite films
Finally, it can measure the greater part of dielectric properties to immaculate nanocomposite streamlined materials, eventually perusing the utilization of HIOKI 3522-50 LCR Hi-tester gadget and allowing it to be distinguished. The mulled over modern materials in this investigation have been figured using nano particulates. Electric and dielectric properties of the examined materials are nitty gritty in Table (1).
Measurement Setup: HIOKI 3522-50 LCR Hi-tester gadget has measured electrical parameters of nano-metric robust dielectric encasing examples during different frequencies. Determination of LCR may be force supply: 100, 120, 220 alternately 240 v (±10%) AC (selectable), 50/60 Hz, and Frequency: DC, 1 mHz should 100 kHz, show Screen: LCD with backlight / 99999 (full 5 digits), essential Accuracy: Z: ± 0.08% rdg. θ: ± 0.05þ, and outside dc inclination ± 40 v max. (option) (3522-50 utilized alone ± 10 v max. / utilizing 9268 ± 40 Vmax.). It can measure the greater part of dielectric properties to immaculate nanocomposite industrial materials, eventually perusing the utilization of HIOKI 3522-50 LCR Hi-tester gadget. Figure (2) indicates HIOKI 3522-50 LCR Hi-tester gadget for measuring characterization of nanocomposite encasing industrial materials.
Figure 2. HIOKI 3522-50 LCR Hi-tester device
Table 1. Electric and dielectric properties of pure and nanocomposite materials
| Characteristics | Dielectric constant | Resistivity (Ω.m) |
| Materials | LDPE | HDPE | LDPE | HDPE |
| Pure | 2.3 | 2.3 | 1014 | 1015 |
| 1 wt.% Clay | 2.23 | 2.23 | 1015 | 1016 |
| 5 wt.% Clay | 1.99 | 1.99 | 1015-1018 | 1016-1019 |
| 10 wt.% Clay | 1.76 | 1.76 | 1018-1020 | 1019-1021 |
| 1 wt.% SiO2 | 2.32 | 2.32 | 1013 | 1014 |
| 5 wt.% SiO2 | 2.39 | 2.39 | 1013-1011 | 1014-1012 |
| 10 wt.% SiO2 | 2.49 | 2.49 | 1011-109 | 1012-1010 |