Recent Trends in 5G Communication: Challenges and Opportunities

Introduction

Latency is the amount of time a live broadcast is behind the actual action, such as when watching a sporting event. A few seconds might mean the difference between life and death in fields like remote surgery, where the doctor is thousands of miles distant from the patient, and any delay in the transmission of high-resolution live recordings is vital. When it comes to identifying a defective machine or a malfunctioning production line in smart factories, real-time data exchanges are also critical in order to keep processes operating smoothly. 5G's low latency rates will be critical in the automobile sector when self-driving cars are used to navigate inner city traffic and get real-time traffic intelligence concerning risky scenarios (Pirinen et al., 2014). It's also important for the energy sector to have real-time information regarding grid stability because the electrification of cars is bringing new issues to the power system. In order to keep the electric grid safe from outages, real-time data is essential for grid monitoring. With 5G, the reliability of latency is expected to improve, making it more significant than just low latency rates when it comes to crucial information flow (Xia et al., 2015).

It was issued in June 2018 by the 3GPP collaboration, the initial edition of the 5G standard. The first 5G networks went live in April of this year. There has been significant progress in developing the next generation of telecommunications networks, and this standard definition for 5G is a key step in that evolution. However, the completion of the first 5G specifications does not guarantee that research and development on 5G will be complete. There is still a long way to go before 5G can be used for new applications like self-driving cars, smart factories, or remote procedures in the healthcare industry. The development of 5G technology will continue over the next few years, resulting in a connected world of devices, humans, and machines. New products and services will be developed, productivity will rise, and new business models will emerge as a result of 5G. Using the 5G standard, gadgets, vehicles, buildings, and other objects equipped with electronics, software, or sensors will be able to communicate with each other and the Internet of Things. For example, embedded 5G technologies will make it possible for machines or automobiles to exchange data, allowing the physical world to be fully integrated into computer-based systems. Five-generation (5G) wireless technology is at the heart of interoperability and cross-device communication.