Resilience in the Workplace Supported by Organizational Socio-Intercultural Anthropology

Introduction

Organizations are micro-societies or social spaces where the actions of agents and actors represent reality. The processes of formation of organizations as living entities are considered in the professional field where partners, workers, owners, and clients interrelate to provide the foundations that make it possible to analyze the integral processes of organizational systems. Organizations are consciously structured to create a system and are made up of elements concentrated on various needs, in accordance with organizational goals and objectives, and the fulfillment of tasks and activities.

Few scholars assert the non-scientific nature of anthropology overridden by the notion that science as a mode of inquiry is obsolete. The epistemological myths that anthropology is not a science relate to its lack of use of quantitative methods and techniques, its failure to apply formal methods, its failure to use experimental designs, its failure to postulate theories, its failure to predict phenomena, its failure to formulate laws, and its failure to interact with other sciences.

Anthropology as a science is a complex solution linked to the demarcation problem fundamental in the philosophy of science that requires evidence. The etymological concept of anthropology is formed from the Greek words ἄνθρωπος meaning person, and logos from concept, doctrine, word, and reason, which was first used by Aristotle. There is a long-standing debate about the nature of anthropology as humanities or science (Inga, 2021).

Evolutionary anthropology studies the evolution of the human being complemented by other specialties of the anthropological sciences, such as economic anthropology, political anthropology, gender anthropology, psychological anthropology, genetic anthropology, cognitive anthropology, religious anthropology, musical anthropology, urban anthropology, design anthropology, neuropathology, and criminal anthropology, etc. Social anthropology studies social relations and social structures. Other specialties of anthropology are cognitive anthropology (Kronenfeld et al., 2011), biological anthropology (Larsen, 2010), and evolutionary anthropology (Henrich, 2016). Anthropology studies various phenomena, including espionage, such as the observation of the coexistence of a human group (Price, 2000).

Anthropology studies otherness and others by implication in the past and non-modernity. Anthropology of the present studies the world of the past and outside society (Augé, 2007). Organizational facilitation from the methodology of organizational anthropology is based on the use of the ethnographic method based on the category of socio-intercultural as a project of recording reality articulated with otherness and its epistemological construction.

More specifically, we refer to organizational anthropology able to postulate scientific theories through induction (Morales, 2020), and anticipate future occurrences (Barrett & Stanford, 2006). The dispute over the various anthropological approaches to the conceptual and theoretical analysis of anthropology applied to organizations is associated with the notion of anthropology as a science (Horowitz, et al., 2019).

Anthropology as a discipline encompasses socio-intercultural anthropology, physical anthropology, archaeology, and linguistics. There seems to be a controversial debate about anthropology's renunciation of being a science and the questioning of its scientific nature, which has reached the media with newspaper articles, essays, interviews, etc. (Boellstorf, 2010; Wade, 2010; Landau, 2010) and the gap between cultural and biological anthropology (Kuper & Marks, 2011).