Abstract
The world population will increase by two billion in the year 2050 as per the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. To meet the needs of people, more efficient farming practices must be identified and implemented, which can increase the yield of crops in the field. A study shows that one in five deaths globally, equivalent to 11 million deaths, are because of poor diet and unavailability of food for the underprivileged. Automation in the agricultural field will not just ease the process but also increase the yield, helping many households to afford at least two meals a day. Implementation of artificial intelligence in agriculture can ease the process. Some countries like the United States, Singapore, etc. use AI in agriculture; they have reported a good impact on the yield of crops. The main objective of this work is to analyze the applications to implement artificial intelligence technology in farming, the advantages and disadvantages of artificial intelligence in agriculture, and the opportunity in India to implement these technologies in farming.
Top1. Introduction
Artificial intelligence was first termed by John McCarthy at the conference of Dartmouth, even before the term being coined there were a lot of experiments and studies that were carried out in the field. From the day they discovered it, it had brought about plenty of revolution in many fields. (McCarthy, 2006)
The history of machines replacing humans in agriculture falls back to the year 1794 when Eli Whitney invented Cotton Gin, which was used in removing seeds from the cotton fiber. It had made a great revolution in the cotton industry by increasing the speed of the removal of seeds from the cotton fiber collected the machine could remove seeds from 50 pounds of cotton seeds in a single day, computers in the 20th century started the visualization of the artificial intelligence-powered machine in Agricultural sector. (Woodbury, 1960)
At present, there are a lot of researches conducted in this field to find where Artificial intelligence can be implemented to improve agriculture. The government of various countries has provided support to the farmers to implement Artificial Intelligence in farming, as the Government of India in collaboration with IBM will conduct the pilot study with AI for weather forecast and to test soil moisture in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat (Kumar et al., 2020).
There are a bunch of applications for agriculture that involves Artificial Intelligence, many countries have implemented and have seen the best results in the outcome. Artificial Intelligence assists in the weather forecast, soil monitoring, reducing pest infestation and reducing the number of pesticides used in the field, etc. (Talaviya et al., 2020)
Top2. Objectives
- •
To analyze the advantages and disadvantages of agricultural artificial intelligence.
- •
To analyze the application of agricultural artificial intelligence
- •
To analyze how the countries around the world is implementing agricultural Artificial Intelligence.
Top3. Effect Of Agricultural Artificial Intelligence
These technologies improves the efficiency of farming in every field also assist to manage the problems encountered by various government and private sectors. It assists in the improvement of the crop yield in the agricultural field, watering of plants, identifying the content of the soil for efficient planting, crop follow up and management, weeds management in the field, and crop establishment. The AI-based technologies have enabled the farmers to ensure that they yield more production with less investment with high production; it ensures the farmers get profited in the market with the best price for their yield by analyzing the market. In the coming years, farmers will use 75 million connected devices for agriculture. By the year 2050 more millions of people will be benefited. There are several Methods that can benefit agriculture through Agricultural Artificial Intelligence (Talaviya et al., 2020).
3.1 Recognition and Perception of an Image
In recent years the pattern of importance to the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that is drone had been observed and their favourable application for the agriculture field has been vast which includes recognition and surveillance of the crop, human body detection to detect random strangers entering the field, geo localization search and rescue. Because of their vast application and amazing imaging technology which helps in various fields like delivery of best service to photography of crops from which we can identify the pest and the plant's growth and feed the plant with fertilizer or killing the weeds and the pest with the help of pesticides with the amount required. The advantage of using it includes the ability to control the drones with the help of remote control; they are becoming very popular because of the distance from where they can fly by carrying out various applications (Talaviya et al., 2020).
Key Terms in this Chapter
pH-: power of Hydrogen
IBM-: International Business Machines
VRA-: Variable Rate Application
GPS-: Global Positioning System
KNN-: K- nearest neighbor
AI-: Artificial Intelligence
SMS-: Short Message Service
VRT-: Variable Rate Technology
IoT-: Internet of Things
GSM Model-: Global System for Mobile
UAV-: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
RGB-: Red Green Blue