Smart Housing Developments to Reduce the Environmental Impact Derived From Urban Growth in Mexico City

Introduction

Through the history of Mexico, it can be seen that demographic growth has not been homogeneous since there has been a difference between urban and rural growth, which highlights that the population that lived in the 1950s, the 1970s % lived in the rural sector, while 30% in the urban; this condition changed in the year 2000, since more than 70% of the population is located in the urban sector and less than 30% lives in rural areas. The afore mentioned represents that in 50 years the urban nucleus went from 7.5 million to almost 75 million inhabitants, that is, it had an increase of 10 times its original size (Córtes, 2001).

The demographic phenomenon described caused the Mexican government to be exceeded in its capacity to provide the population with decent housing, a fundamental right established in the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States. This problem is more accentuated in cities such as Monterrey, Guadalajara, Puebla and Mexico City, in the latter it is more accentuated because the population of this area grows approximately twice every ten years, for example, in 1960 it was inhabited by more than four million inhabitants, by 1970 it was inhabited by eight million, in the year 2000 there were 20 million people and currently there are almost 30 million inhabitants who are concentrated and demand decent housing (INEGI, 2021).

In this context, it is estimated that by 2050 the country's population will grow six times, which entails a great challenge, since a better use of resources is sought and optimization of quality of life through infrastructure, services and housing, the foregoing., new technologies are the basis for assuming this challenge and in turn reducing the negative environmental effects that derive from urban growth and housing demand, without neglecting urban planning and ordering of the metropolis.