The sustainable development goals were underlined as needing significant societal changes, which were made even more urgent by the pandemic's advent. The future civilization should strive for sustainable growth, a strategy in which technology is a key component. Society 5.0 is a relatively new idea that serves as a framework for social development and has the potential to have a significant impact on societies at all aspects, including sustainability and quality of life. It seeks to maximize the capacity of the relationship between individuals and technology in the advocacy of the enhancement of everyone's quality of life through an incredibly smart society. Through the analysis of scientifically published works and the data from organizations and governments working on such schemes, it is possible to say that Industry 5.0 is far more than a pattern, and Society 5.0 would consequently open previously unimaginable prospects for the development of a highly smart globalized world.
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Globally, the advancement of science and technology has exacerbated socio-economic tensions and the state of the environment (Abbasi and Kamal, 2020). Sustainable development is difficult because of unfavorable environmental conditions. In most nations, the population's welfare is growing as significant economic and social program objectives are accomplished, but the required level of quality of life is not being provided (Acioli et al., 2021). In order to ensure technological advancement in the area of economic development, this determines the substance and direction of advanced society's modernization and maintaining a safe environment forms the core of the fourth industrial age (Adel, 2022).
Since the start of Industrial Revolution, humanity has understood the possibility of employing technology as a tool for growth (Industry 1.0). With the development of mechanical power employing basic resources like water, steam, & fossil fuels, the First Industrialization, which may be dated to the latter half of the eighteen (18th) century (i.e., the 1780s), got underway (Adel, 2022). During the second technological revolution in the 1870s, industrialists who employed assembly lines & mass production embraced electrical energy (Industry 2.0). In the 1970s, during the Industrial Revolution III (Industry 3.0), the idea of incorporating automation into manufacturing industries was pioneered through the use of information and electronics Technologies (IT). In the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0), artificial intelligence (AI), the internet of things (IoT), cloud computing, and other technologies are utilized to make smart cyber-physical systems (CPS), which act as a real-time bridge between the digital and physical worlds (Aderibigbe, 2022).
The fast change in technology, industry, and societal processes and patterns during the past ten years is conceptualized by the term “Industry 4.0” (I4.0) (Carayannis and Morawska-Jancelewicz, 2022a). The development of I4.0 is supported by the introduction and progression of core technologies such big data analytics, artificial intelligence, and digital twins, which encourage increased service and product quality and production efficiency. I4.0 engineers have primarily concentrated on the technological transformation of production and manufacturing networks and systems (digitization and digitalization), giving industrial adaptability and efficiency precedence over industrial sustainable development and worker welfare (Ehwanudin et al., 2022). This has resulted in some limitations, despite the advancements and opportunities made possible by this framework. In light of this, a new age of industrial revolution is about to begin. Engineers will be able to completely harness the state-of-the-art technical environment in this new era in order to advance humanity and socialize manufacturing. The construction of the aforementioned human-centric era, also known as Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0, is currently underway in a number of nations, including the European Union, Japan, & the United States (Kasinathan et al., 2022). It must be emphasized at this point that I4.0 is a continuing technical evolution and that Society 5.0 (encompassing Industry 5.0) continues to be developed, dispelling the myth that Industry 5.0 won't be regarded as a standalone industrial revolution (Kasinathan et al., 2022).