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Toward a Unified Model of Information Systems Development Success

Toward a Unified Model of Information Systems Development Success

Keng Siau (Missouri University of Science and Technology, USA), Yoanna Long (Colorado State University Pueblo, USA), and Min Ling (University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA)
Copyright: © 2012 |Pages: 23
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61350-471-0.ch004
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Abstract

Information systems development (ISD) is a complex process involving interconnected resources, stake holders, and outcomes. Understanding factors contributing to ISD success has attracted keen interest from both researchers and practitioners, and many research studies have been published in this area. However, most studies focus on one or two factors affecting ISD success. A holistic view of factors impacting ISD success is missing. This paper synthesizes past research on the topic and proposes a unified model on ISD success through a systematic and comprehensive literature review. The unified model highlights that ISD is a complex and interactive process involving individual, team, and organization factors, as well as ISD methodology. These factors impact the ISD process as well as its success.
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2. Literature Review

This section first introduces the Input-Process-Output model, which forms the foundation of the unified model. The section reviews literature on input factors from three levels (i.e., individual, team, and organizational factors), process factors (i.e., knowledge sharing, innovation, and systems development methodology), and output factors (i.e., systems usage and user satisfaction).

2.1. Input-Process-Output Model

The classic Input-Process-Output model (Hackman, 1987; McGrath, 1984) provides a systematic way to view general working processes. The Input-Process-Output model presents the basic idea that inputs lead to processes that, in turn, lead to outcomes. This classic framework has been widely used in the IS/IT area and provides the conceptual underpinnings to develop the unified model on ISD success in this research.

Information systems development (ISD) is a complex, adaptive, and dynamic process. Information Systems (IS) literature has long studied factors impacting ISD success. However, different researchers address different research issues focusing on different factors. There is a need to provide a holistic view of the factors impacting ISD success and to provide a unified model to guide future research.

To investigate the research question of ISD success in a systematic way, we shall follow the conceptual framework of the Input-Process-Output model, and develop a unified ISD success model by identifying three sets of factors associated with input, process, and output.

2.2. Input Variables

Three levels of factors—individual, team, and organization—emerged from the literature review.

2.2.1. Individual Factors

A number of individual characteristics such as personality, cognitive style, problem-solving style, skills, experience, expectations, as well as user participation and involvement, have been suggested in the literature as factors affecting the success of ISD. The following provides a discussion on these factors:

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