Mitigation of Climate Change Through Carbon Sequestration

List Of Abbreviations

• C: Carbon

• CO₂: Carbon Dioxide

• SIC: Soil inorganic carbon

• SOC: Soil organic carbon

• GHGs: Greenhouse gases

• MBC: Microbial biomass carbon

• WSC: Water soluble carbohydrate

• DOC: Dissolved organic carbon

• RMC: Readily mineralized carbon

• POM-C: Particulate organic matter carbon

• SOM: Soil organic matter

• HA: Humic acid

• FA: Fulvic acid

• Mg: Magnesium

• GRSP: Glomalin-related soil protein

• AM: Arbuscularmycrrohizal

• REDD+: Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation

• UNFCCC: United Nation’s Framework Convention on Climate Change

• PNNL: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

• CCS: Carbon capture and storage

• RLD: Root length density

• KMnO₄-C: KMnO₄ oxidizable organic carbon

• HRPs: High rate ponds

• CSTRs: Continuously stirred tank reactors

Introduction

Global climate change is a significant long – term weather pattern all over the world (IPCC, 2006). The changed climate pattern has aggravated in the recent times due to various anthropogenic man – made activities such as like urbanization, deforestation, and altered land use scenarios (IPCC, 2006). All these resulted into increased emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and lead to the alarming condition like climate change (Barbara, 2008). There is the sense of urgency that the altered pattern of climate change must be handled judiciously. Carbon (C) sequestration is considered as one of the attractive choices of the scientists and to manage and minimize the harsh impact of climate change (Paustian et al. 2019). Carbon sequestration is the process that captures atmospheric CO₂ followed by storing it into natural ecosystems. The Carbon present in the natural soil system a shows significant association with the atmospheric emissions of GHGs. Moreover, the Carbon pool is inherently connected to atmospheric CO₂ level through Carbon sequestration, photosynthesis process, respiration and decomposition of organic matter (Davidson and Jassens, 2006). Carbon sink is the way to remove greenhouse gas emissions and to sequester atmospheric CO₂ in these view forests are the major sinks of Carbon and accounts half of its dry weight and therewith globally forests are the net Carbon sinks in which tropical forests contribute to 2.8 billion tons Carbon year^-1. Carbon sinks through forestation and reforestation; because soil sequesters about 20 Pg Carbon in 25 years.

Figure 1.

Carbon dynamics in terrestrial system