Data Storage Architecture and Retrieval Based on Water Conservancy Data and Computer Technologies

Literature Review

Common data storage methods include distributed file storage systems and non-relational databases (Anselin et al., 2022). The commonly used storage methods for spatial data include extensions based on relational databases and non-relational databases; these are based on big data and cloud computing technologies(Fateminasab et al., 2025). Conventional indexes mainly use two basic data structures, hash and decision tree. Abdelkader et al. (2024) developed a large DSRM, based on the relational database data-information-knowledge cognitive model; this addressed issues of high space occupancy and low retrieval security in traditional methods by transforming data patterns through the data-information-knowledge cognitive model. The space occupancy rate of this method was always less than 10%, and the safety factor of data retrieval was 0.95 (Feng et al., 2025). Aher & Chaudhari (2025) reviewed existing DSRMs for heterogeneous multi-cloud architectures, to address the vulnerability of multi-cloud environments to security attacks. This study analyzed and explained the purpose, basic techniques, implementation data, and evaluation parameters of these methods and elaborated on possible future research directions.