An Evaluation of Oral and Dental Health Services in Turkey and in the Member States of the EU in Terms of Economy

Cost Items In Oral And Dental Health Services

Calculating properly the cost of a service plays a role not only in the control and audit of the costs, but also in the efficient allocation of resources. Various cost centers appear in health care units and this issue prevents to calculate the costs exactly. Therefore, the classification method started to be used in determining the cost of health care. Generally costs are divided into three groups as follows: direct costs, indirect costs and immaterial costs (Elliott& Payne 2008):

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  Immaterial Costs: Immaterial costs are the most difficult ones to express monetarily. Costs of pain due to tooth decay take part in immaterial costs.

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  Indirect Costs: Indirect costs occur because of the loss of work force of the patient or of the person who takes care of the patient.

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  Direct Costs: Direct costs are the costs related to the medical care services and can be calculated at market prices. Direct costs are divided into two groups, direct medical costs and direct non-medical costs. This separation can be made in oral and dental health services as follows: Direct dental costs and direct non-dental costs.

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    Direct Non-Dental Costs: These costs include foods, drinks, transportations and accommodations.

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    Direct Dental Costs: Direct dental costs are divided into three groups:

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  Fixed Costs: The building where the service is provided, building-related expenses and service investments are included in this group. Dental units, all equipment, instruments and systems are included in this group.

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  Semi Fixed Costs: Personal expenses are included in this group.

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  Variable Costs: Drugs and consumables used for treatment are included in this group.

Oral And Dental Health Profile Of Turkey

In Turkey, oral and dental health problems are among the most important health problems. Oral diseases affect 96% of the individuals and the losses suffered by the country's economy is quite large.

According to Turkish Dental Association’s report published in 2011, there are 24.203 dentists working actively. Turkish population was 74.724.269 in 2011. So in 2011 there were 3087 patients per dentist. The distribution of the dentists actively employed is, 60% of them work in private clinics, 29% of them work for the Ministry of Health, 10% of them work at faculties, and 1% for other institutions (Table 1).