Analysis of Gait Flow Image and Gait Gaussian Image Using Extension Neural Network for Gait Recognition

1. Introduction

Human identification has become a challenging area from the pattern recognition point of view. Over the past few years various biometrics including palm print [Wang X et. al, 2013], iris [Rai H et. al, 2014], face [Luo L et. al, 2015], finger knuckle [Kumar A et. al, 2013] have been worked on for human identification. But the limitation of these modalities is that they use some specific devices to obtain features and their intrusive nature. Unlike the modalities mentioned above, gait a behavioral modality, is a right choice to identify human based on their non-intrusive characteristics. Earlier studies [Cutting J 1977; Murray M et. al, 1964] also show that gait is a unique biometric modality. To obtain gait patterns of a subject, a single camera is enough [Yu et. al, 2014]. Gait recognition can easily identify people at a distance by their walk manner. In today’s scenario, terrorism is the main threat for human security [Inbarani et. al, 2015; Sarkar M et. al, 2015]. Therefore Human gait recognition has become an attractive field for researchers and industrialists from the surveillance point of view [Okumara M et. al, 2010; Sundaresan A et. al, 2003].

Two different approaches have been adopted to recognize gait: model-based and model-free. Model based techniques [Cunado D et. al, 1999; Tafazzoli et. al, 2010; Wang L et. al, 2004; Yam C et. al, 2004] work on structural model of the human body. It has the advantage of being non sensitive to outliers and background noise [Lee L et. al, 2002; Yoo et. al, 2011]. But due to complexity present in model based methods, model free methods are more reliable and easy to explore. Model free methods do not require any structure model; it works on information stored in binary silhouettes [Kale et. al 2004, Sarkar et. al 2005, Xu et. al 2012].