Hospitals face the challenge of achieving an energy economy while maintaining a healthy atmosphere for patient comfort and recovery. This chapter reviews the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and the internet of things (IoT) in hospital HVAC systems and how they help achieve optimal conditions in temperature, ventilation, and energy usage. AI algorithms can automatically adjust air conditioning settings, reducing energy usage while maintaining required conditions. This leads to efficient cost reduction. These technologies when integrated into hospital HVAC systems improve patient comfort and the indoor environment. In order to maintain the ideal conditions required for effective patient outcomes and rehabilitation, air conditioning systems are used, but they consume high energy in order to operate. By combining AI and IoT, hospitals can optimize their energy use while maintaining optimal conditions of temperature, ventilation, human comfort, and air quality.
Top1. Introduction
Hospital HVAC systems use a lot of energy to maintain human comfort conditions thereby making energy management difficult (Yuan, Feng, et al. 2022). AI-IoT integration solves this problem in a revolutionary way. Predictive temperature management, adaptive ventilation, problem detection and diagnostics, IoT data collecting, and BMS integration are AI uses in hospital HVAC systems (Al-Aomar, AlTal & Abel. 2023). AI algorithms anticipate temperature swings based on historical data, occupancy patterns, and weather predictions, improving energy efficiency and patient and worker comfort (Abdel-Razek, Shahira Assem, et al. 2022). According to real-time occupancy and air quality data, adaptive ventilation modulates air exchange to ensure clean air (Akhai & Jerin 2021, 2020 & Kumar & Akhai, 2022).
Past studies show that human health and comfort is increased in air conditioned environment and mathematical models have been developed in past to enhance quality and improve energy efficiency (Tanwar & Akhai, 2017 & Akhai, Singh & John, 2016). AI helps identify HVAC system issues early, minimizing system breakdowns and downtime and lowering operating expenses. IoT sensors provide real-time data gathering on temperature, humidity, occupancy, and air quality, enabling rapid and immediate modifications for optimum performance (Tien, Paige Wenbin et al). AI, IoT, and BMS work together to centralize management and data analysis, improving operational efficiency and aligning HVAC systems with energy efficiency and comfort objectives (Mehmood, Muhammad Uzair et al. 2019).
To enable the smooth and safe functioning of these technologies in the sensitive healthcare context, data privacy and cybersecurity issues must be addressed (Pradhan, John & Sandhu, 2021). AI and IoT in hospital HVAC systems are promising as data analytics, sensor technology, and AI algorithms improve (Tan, Kang Miao, et al. 2021). Renewable energy and smart grid technology also help hospital HVAC systems (Franco et al. 2017 & Akhai, 2023). AI and IoT integration in hospital HVAC systems can improve patient outcomes, reduce operating costs, and promote a healthier world (Dion, Evans & Farrell, 2023 & Awad et al. 2021).
Figure 1.
Application of AI in a variety of ways in hospital HVAC systems