Abstract
This chapter employs bibliometric analysis to deeply explore the interplay between financial inclusion and sustainability, addressing key research questions. The trend of publications shows a notable rise, particularly following the 2015 introduction of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs). Performance analysis indicates China's leading role in terms of document production and citations. Collaboration patterns highlight important authors and groups to underscore worldwide cooperation. Co-occurrence networks reveal diverse study clusters, while word clouds visually represent major themes from authors' keywords and paper titles. Conclusively, this chapter presents future research directions, such as cross-disciplinary studies; technological developments; longitudinal impact assessments; environmental, social, and governance (ESG) integration; and regional studies in the present field of study. Practically, it offers guidelines for aligning financial practices with sustainability goals, promoting international collaboration, informed policymaking, and strategic insights.
Top1. Background Of Financial Inclusion And Sustainability
Financial inclusion is a fundamental aspect of the current economic discourse, as it ensures that all sectors of society, particularly those discriminated and marginalised individuals can avail themselves of essential financial services. Financial inclusion and sustainability address the interest of marginalised areas, the neglected areas facing discrimination and exclusion from basic rights. In recent decades, there has been a significant transformation in the conceptualisation of financial inclusion, evolving from a narrow concentration on microfinance to a broader scope that incorporates a diverse range of financial services and products (Demirgüç-Kunt et al., 2017a). It is recognised that establishing a bank account is just one aspect of financial inclusion. The other crucial component entails the integration of individuals into the financial system, enabling them to handle their financial affairs proficiently and securely (Sarma & Pais, 2011; Ahmad et al., 2020; Hussain & Ahmad, 2021).
The concept of financial inclusion has evolved significantly over time. Initially centred on providing access to financial services, it now focuses on optimizing the utilisation of these services. This evolution is crucial for sustainable economic growth and poverty alleviation, which hinge on the careful allocation and management of financial resources (Demirgüç-Kunt, Klapper, & Singer, 2017; Elouaourti & Ezzahid, 2022a). As per the World Bank's definition, financial inclusion transcends mere possession of a bank account. It encompasses the active use of these accounts and related services to improve the quality of life (World Bank, 2018). An integral aspect of enhancing financial inclusion is a strong foundation in financial literacy. Huston (2010) emphasizes that financial literacy bolsters individuals' capacity to make informed financial decisions, thereby better managing financial resources. This literacy is pivotal in effective financial inclusion programs, enabling individuals to adeptly navigate the complexities of the financial world. Technological advancements have played a significant role in the expansion of financial inclusion. Innovations such as mobile banking and digital payment methods have been instrumental in this growth (GSMA, 2019; Elouaourti & Ezzahid, 2022b). These technologies have diminished barriers to financial access and facilitated more efficient use of financial services. This is particularly beneficial for individuals in rural and underserved areas, where traditional financial services are often limited (Ozili, 2018; Ezzahid & Elouaourti, 2019; Ezzahid & Elouaourti, 2021a)
Key Terms in this Chapter
Clusters: It is a group of similar things of objects positioned closely together. In bibliometric analysis, it is used to understand the nature of various objects (i.e., keywords, countries etc.) to understand the association of objects.
Sustainability: Sustainability is a goal to satisfy current needs without compromising the resources’ capacity for future generations. It is an intention of long-term human existence by conserving scarce resources.
Bibliometric Analysis: The analysis of books, papers, and other publications using statistical techniques, particularly in the field of science, is known as bibliometrics. Large amounts of scientific data can be explored and analysed using this well-liked and rigorous method, which makes the data easy to understand through visualisation.
Performance Analysis: It is an analysis technique being used in bibliometric analysis. It examines the contributions of research constituents (i.e., authors, sources, institutes etc.) to a given field of study.
Science Mapping: It is also a technique of bibliometric analysis which pertains to the intellectual interactions and structural connections among research constituents.
Financial Inclusion: This term devised by the United Nations describes the efforts to make accessible financial products and services for all individuals and institutions. Specifically, it relates to making these services available for affordable transactions, payments, savings, credit and insurance under sustainable development.