Integrating Tradition and Innovation: The Role of Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Modern Agriculture

Abstract

This chapter examines the integration of Indigenous Technical Knowledge (ITK) with modern agricultural practices to promote sustainability, productivity, and resilience in farming systems. Rooted in centuries of adaptation to local environments, ITK encompasses diverse methods such as water harvesting, soil health management, animal health practices, and biodiversity conservation. Highlighting practices like the khadin system, johads, panchagavya, and sacred groves, this chapter showcases ITK's relevance in addressing contemporary agricultural challenges. It explores the potential of combining ITK with advanced technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Machine Learning (ML) to optimize resource use, improve soil fertility, and conserve biodiversity. The chapter addresses the challenges of merging traditional wisdom with modern innovations, emphasizing this integration as a vital strategy for agricultural sustainability in the face of climate variability and resource constraints.