IT Governance and Business-IT Alignment Frameworks, Models, and the Best Practices

1. Introduction

IT is the key enabler for all organizations, and it has confronted the traditional way of doing business (Abdulrasool and Turnbull 2020). Though, the businesses have invested a huge amount of money in IT investment; the payoff from IT is always a major concern for executives and managers. Despite the growing amount of IT investment, managing IT and IT governance decisions have ever more become complicated due to vague cost relationships, uncertain payoffs, rapid technological changes, and uncertain business environments. Similarly, the traditional view of IT governance may not sufficiently address today's strategic, managerial, and technological complexity and it no longer resembles with what is trendy in the real world business phenomenon. Nowadays, IT governance made to a growing clock speed of enterprises, imposing firms to govern their IT investment (Turel et al. 2017). The IT governance has a direct impact on how IT is managed within the organization and includes the implementation of IT management techniques and procedures in conformity with well-known IT governance practices and policies (Bowen et al. 2007).

As IT governance is a vital part of enterprise governance, it imposes a set of IT governance practices to implement more efficiently as to stimulate the analogy with the corporate mission, strategy, culture, value, norm, and business processes (Ali and Green 2012; Dong 2012; Van Grembergen and De Haes 2009; Wu et al. 2015). IT can have a positive effect, no effect, or even a negative effect on performance, in relation to how well IT is managed and governed (Turel et al. 2017). IT is recognized as a vital part of business processes, and IT covers all business functions consequently, firm designs and recombines IT resources in the direction of alignment between business and IT functions (Turel et al. 2017). Hence, the objective of this chapter is to discuss existing various IT governance and business-IT alignment frameworks, models and best practices in detail in this context. This chapter contribute to the literature that to discuss the existing IT governance and business-IT alignment frameworks, models and best practices to manage IT investments in an organization.