Leadership Practicies Inventory

Abstract

The Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI) (Posner & Kouzes, 2002) was designed to measure what people did when they were at their “personal best” in leading others. Beginning their work in 1983, Posner and Kouzes approached leadership as a measurable, learnable and teachable set of behaviors. The LPI was created by developing a set of statements describing each of the identified five leadership actions and behaviors: modeling, inspiring, challenging, enabling and encouraging. Each statement is based on a 10-point Likert scale with higher values representing more frequent use of a leadership behavior. The LPI consists of 30 statements, six for each leadership action/behavior. Both self and observer forms are available and subject to the same psychometric analyses. Participating individuals first complete a self (leader) form and then request five to 10 individuals who interact with that person to complete the observer form. The LPI takes 10 minutes to complete and may be scored by hand or computer