Multimorbidity and Heart Failure

Introduction

Heart failure is a common disease worldwide. It is also an aging disease being more common in the elder population, it is a multimorbidity disease as well, multimorbidity with heart failure became the norm, in spite of that heart failure guidelines are still disease specific, as well as multimorbidity and geriatric ignorant. To understand the unique, multimorbid and geriatric characteristics of heart failure, we need to understand the nature of the disease to shed light on the heart failure pathophysiological areas still in the shadows, we also need to understand symptom clusters in heart failure, their significance, and their unique relationship to each other.