Abstract
Today, Iran, Morocco, Tunisia, etc. women photographers have made the orientalist visual expression form the focal point of their art: the orientalist painting tradition as a result of the painter Delacroix's trip to Morocco in 1832, the imagination world and the painting tradition shaped by the economy-politics of the period, from the male-dominated point of view, the harem, the chamber, etc. It is based on fantasies based on the female body in oriental spaces. Although this painting movement maintained its effectiveness between 1832-1914, it is taken as a reference by photographers in today's postmodern art environment. In today's photography art, Shirin Neshat, Lalla Essaydi, Shadi Ghadirian, Majida Khattari, Meriem Bouderbala, who have Eastern and Western cultures and mostly live in Western countries, visualize the position of women in their countries with an interdisciplinary interpretation in their photographic visions that they shape with a post-orientalist attitude.
TopDefinitions Of Orientalism
Orientalism; It is a field of study, which is examined, discussed and criticized by Western scientists in the beginning and Eastern scientists today, and regularly held congresses. Orientalism etc. has been constantly transformed in content and meaning by being influenced by the facts.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Orientalism: 'Orient' etymologically means 'east, orient'. Its origin is based on the word 'oriens' (sunrise). According to Western societies, languages, cultures, histories, geographies etc. of Eastern societies. It covers researches about.
Postmodernism: The prefix 'post' means beyond / after, beyond / after Modernism. It aims to define the transformation process that started in Western societies in the 1960s and started to be experienced in social life, cultural field and art environment with the effect of communication and technological development. Postmodernism has been influential in architecture, philosophy, literature, and fine arts. Lyotard, Habermas, Jameson, Harvey, Boudrillard et al. They are thinkers and critics.
Daguerreotype: The daguerreotype was the first commercially successful photographic process (1839-1860) in the history of photography. Named after the inventor, Louis Jacques Mandé Daguerre, each daguerreotype is a unique image on a silvered copper plate.
Postmodern Photo: They are works that take the history of the art of photography as reference or combine the production criteria of art and science disciplines with Postmodernist aesthetics. Pioneers Cindy Sherman, Sherri Levine, Yasumasa Morimura, Richard Prince, Lucas Samaras.
Postmodern Art: In modern art, originality, individuality, and the modernist style of the work of art are important. Postmodern art, on the other hand, does not depend on original styles and qualities, such as kitch, pastiche, parody, eclecticism, ahistorical, self-appropriation, changing context, interdisciplinarity, intertextuality, etc. using methods expands the aesthetic dimension. Postmodern art rejects a single truth and constructs the truth with discourses.
Odalisque: In the Ottoman period, the sultans and princes selected the women who were bought into the palace or imprisoned in the war, and chosen as a favorite among the women whose owner had a full right to use.
Orientalist Painting: 18th century it is the painting trend that develops in Europe. 1-Painters transfer their observations of the East to the canvas as close to reality. 2- They are imaginary, multi-colored commercial images based on prejudices and fantasies of Eastern culture. Major painters of the movement are Eugène Delacroix (1798-1863), Alexandre-Gabriel Decamps (1803-1860) and Jean-Léon Gérôme (1824-1904).
Orientalist Photo: 1- With the invention of photography in 1839, anthropology, archeology, geography, etc. taken during Eastern expeditions. All photos. 2- 19th century in today's photography art. Photographs produced with reference to orientalist paintings and photographs.
Orientalist: It qualifies the scientists and studies that carry out all kinds of research related to the East.
Delacroix (Ferdinand Victor Eugène): (April 26, 1798 - August 13, 1863) He was one of France's most important Romantic painters. The painter's expression, powerful brushstrokes, and his work on the optical effects of colors influenced Impressionists, and his passion for the exotic influenced Symbolists. 'Odalik' has become an icon in painting and photography.