Abstract
Smart irrigation systems, using AI, machine learning, sensors, and IoT, revolutionize agricultural water management. These systems offer precise water usage tailored to crop needs and environmental conditions, addressing issues like water scarcity, growing agricultural demand, and sustainability. This chapter examines smart irrigation components, such as sensors, data analytics, weather forecasting, and automation, emphasizing AI's role in optimizing practices. It also highlights benefits like water conservation, improved yields, cost savings, and sustainability, supported by case studies in precision agriculture and urban farming. Challenges include high costs, technical expertise, data management, and connectivity. Future prospects focus on advanced AI models, better sensors, renewable energy, and policy support to enhance these systems' effectiveness and accessibility. The chapter underscores the critical role of smart irrigation in sustainable agriculture and food security.