Abstract
The features of population settlement in the North of Russia have been highlighted in the article. The interest and necessity of such research can be explained by the determining role of the North for Russia's national economy, escalation of various socioeconomic problems in the related region and progressing depopulation of these underpopulated areas. The article reveals the major contradictions in the development of Russia's northern territories at the present stage. This problem has been studied from two viewpoints. First, on the basis of the authors' own methodology, the demographic indicators of Russia's northern territories were compared with the average ones within the Russian Federation. Second, we have made an attempt to assess how special the management of these northern territories is in comparison with other Russian regions. According to the results of our research, directions in migration and population resettlement management have been proposed. These directions will contribute to ensuring higher social and economic efficiency of Russia's northern regions.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Sex Ratio: A number of women permanently residing in the territory of a territorial entity of the Russian Federation per 1,000 men permanently residing in the same subject of the Russian Federation.
Life Expectancy: Average number of years of the upcoming life of a person permanently residing in the territory of the Russian Federation subject at birth and is the final indicator of the mortality table.
Mortality Rate: A number of deaths per 1000 people of the Russian Federation subject’s resident population.
Population Resettlement: Process of people’s settling of a certain territory in the course of migration and as a result of this process, that is inhabitants’ resettlement on regions and zones.
Average Age: Average arithmetic weighted: the numerator takes the sum of the products of age by the size of the population that reached it.
Birth Rate: A number of the Russian Federation subject’s permanent population born on 1000 people.
Population Resettlement Direct Methods: Methods which study population in a certain area at a certain time.
Population: A set of people living on the Globe (mankind) or within a concrete territory such as a continent, a country, an area etc.
Population Density: Relation of number of resident population to the area of a territorial subject of the Russian Federation.
Natural Growth Rate: A difference between the birth rate and the death rate of the Russian Federation subject’s resident population.
Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (AZ of the Russian Federation): An area that includes the Murmansk region, the Nenets, Chukotka and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Districts, the municipal formation of the urban district “Vorkuta” (Komi Republic), a number of municipalities of the Arkhangelsk region (including the municipal formation “Arkhangelsk city”), Belomorsk, Loukhsky and Kemsky districts of the Republic of Karelia, several districts of the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Taimyr Dolgano-Nenets Municipal District, Turukhansky District, Norilsk City District), the northern ulus of the Republic aha (Yakutia), as well as some of the lands and islands of the Arctic Ocean.
Part of Townspeople: A number of resident urban populations to the total number of resident population of a territorial subject of the Russian Federation.
Population Resettlement Indirect Methods: Methods which study characteristics of population in a certain area at a certain time.
Balance of Migration (Migration Increment of Population): Calculated as a difference between a number of people arrived in the territory of Russian Federation territorial subject and a number of people left it.