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What is Doping

Chapter 5
Handbook of Research on Technoethics
Doping is defined by the World Anti-Doping Code, as the occurrence of a ‘rule violation’. Often, the doping concerns of institutions relates specifically to the abuse of regulated substances, such as anabolic steroids. Notably, doping offences also includes the presence of substances that would mask the effects of other enhancing substances. Within the world of sport, a policy of ‘strict liability’ is employed to remove positive test cases from competitions. Recently, this policy has been expanded to include more circumstantial evidence, such that a non-analytical positive is now a possible route towards disqualification.
Published in Chapter:
The Ethics of Human Enhancement in Sport
Andy Miah (University of the West of Scotland, Scotland)
Copyright: © 2009 |Pages: 16
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60566-022-6.ch005
Abstract
This chapter outlines a technoethics for sport by addressing the relationship between sport ethics and bioethics. The purpose of this chapter is to establish the conditions in which a technoethics of sport should be approached, taking into account the varieties and forms of technology in sport. It also provides an historical overview to ethics and policy making on sport technologies and contextualises the development of this work within the broader medical ethical sphere. It undertakes a conceptualisation of sport technology by drawing from the World Anti-Doping Code, which specifies three conditions that determine whether any given technology is considered to be a form of doping. In so doing, it scrutinizes the ‘spirit of sport’, the central mechanism within sport policy that articulates a technoethics of sport. The chapter discusses a range of sport technology examples, focusing on recent cases of hypoxic training and gene doping.
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Chapter 5
Effects of Doping and Post-Treatments on PANI Films
The addition of any impurities to a semiconductor to tune or alter the properties (especially electrical conductivity) of semiconducting materials, primarily electrical resistivity.
Published in Chapter: Effects of Doping and Post-Treatments on PANI Films; From: Properties, Techniques, and Applications of Polyaniline (PANI) Thin Films: Emerging Research and Opportunities
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