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What is Spatial Analysis/Statistics

Handbook of Research on Geographic Information Systems Applications and Advancements
Any formal techniques that study entities using their topological, geometric, or geographic properties. It includes a variety of techniques based on mathematics and statistics, while many of these techniques are still developing.
Published in Chapter:
Geospatial and Spatio-Temporal Analysis in Health Research: GIS in Health
Dimitra I. Sifaki-Pistolla (University of Crete, Greece), Georgia D. Pistolla (University of Crete, Greece), Vasiliki-Eirini Chatzea (University of Crete, Greece), and Nikolaos Tzanakis (University of Crete, Greece)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0937-0.ch019
Abstract
This chapter identifies the need for GIS and geospatial applications in health research. Spatial epidemiology (or geo-epidemiology) and geo-medicine are two rapidly growing fields in medical research and epidemiology. They could offer tremendous potential to the healthcare industry, health researchers and students, as well as the community in general. Their main advantage is the wide range of methodologies that they utilize in order to study health outcomes and incidences in three or four dimensions (2 or 3D space and 1D time). Therefore, this chapter also introduces selected GIS applications with a special focus on epidemiology and public health. Furthermore, in this chapter we will critically appraise the most frequently used tests and spatio-temporal methodologies in the literature and discuss the future emerging trends and research opportunities that arising.
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