What is Minimally Invasive Surgery

The field of surgical robotics has been rapidly advancing, with a focus on improving minimally invasive surgery techniques. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is characterized by smaller incisions, reduced trauma to the patient, quicker recovery times, and less post-operative pain compared to traditional open surgery. Surgical robots have played a significant role in enhancing the capabilities of surgeons and expanding the potential for MIS. The next era of smart flexible surgical robots for MIS could encompass several exciting developments. Future surgical robots are likely to be more flexible and adaptable, allowing them to navigate complex anatomical structures with greater ease. In this chapter, the authors will present the current state-of-the-art surgical robotic applications for MIS, focusing on the limitations and challenges still open for their use in clinical applications. This chapter is significant as it not only offers insights into current technological advancements but also lays the groundwork for understanding future innovations that could revolutionize patient care in surgery.