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TopBlended Learning
Blended learning is a pedagogy that combines online teaching methodologies with traditional face-to-face instruction. As a form of e-Learning, blended learning is the most useful way to integrate technology into education (Kloos, Muñoz-Merino, Alario-Hoyos, Ayres & Fernández-Panadero, 2015). Norm Friesen defined four blended learning models: the rotation model, the flex model, the self-blending model, and the enriched-virtual model. The models later on the list depend more on online mediation (Friesen, 2012). The rotation model that we adopted in this study allows students to rotate between different learning situations on a fixed schedule. They spend most of the time learning from the teacher as usual but have a fixed portion of online courses.
Another popular blended learning approach is the flipped classroom. This approach also consists of online learning activities and traditional face-to-face instruction, but with a more explicit purpose for the two kinds of learning activities. Knowledge is often transferred from outside the classroom through the Internet, and then the students internalize this knowledge in the classroom via various interactions with the teacher or with peers (Sun, Wu & Lee, 2017). Compared to traditional distance learning, the flipped classroom environment could promote the students to higher learning achievements (Sun & Wu, 2016).
Although blended learning combines the benefits of both online learning and face-to-face education (Watson, 2008), it is not a cure-all. Students have more freedom to arrange their own learning process, so their ability to regulate the learning process becomes more critical (Sun & Rueda, 2012). Table 1 displays the advantages and disadvantages of blended learning (Pappas, 2015; Winstead, 2016).
Table 1. Advantages and disadvantages of blended learning
Advantages | Provides personalized learning experiences |
Increases accessibility |
Tracks learning activities |
Saves cost for training |
Provides various collaboration tools |
Disadvantages | Instructors require high technology skills to set up and maintain the learning environment |
Learners require higher motivation, self-regulation, and technology skills |