The phases of the movement, in the sport movement especially for ballistic actions such as hitting, throwing and kicking, generally contain three main phases such as preparation, execution and follow-through. The preparation contains all of the movements that prepare an athlete for the performance of the skill, such as the backswing during batting and the run-up in long jumping. The execution is the performance of the actual movement that often includes a point of contact with an object (e.g., bat and ball), the release of an object or a flight phase (e.g., jump and shoot). Finally, the follow-through refers to all of the movements which occur after the execution phase (e.g., pitching, swing and kicking) that to get ready for another movement.
Published in Chapter:
Dynamic Motion Analysis of Gesture Interaction
Toshiya Naka (Kyoto University, Japan) and Toru Ishida (Kyoto University, Japan)
Copyright: © 2016
|Pages: 29
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0435-1.ch002
Abstract
In human communication, nonverbal information such as gestures and facial expressions often plays a greater role than language, and an increasing number of devices are designed to be intuitively controlled by gestures. However, there are some disadvantages of this intuitive interaction. One of the chief problems is that these devices have difficulty in distinguishing between unconscious and intentional gestures; they tend to respond erroneously to unconscious movements. In this chapter, authors propose a new gesture analysis method based on the dynamic model. They focused on the “exaggerated gestures” that are effectively used in, such as Japanese Kabuki, effectively used in Disney's animation, and tried to identify their common features and effects. They noted the “preparation” or “follow-through” motions just before and after the emphasized actions and each behavior can be quantified by the undershoot and overshoot value of changes in torque. These methods can provide important knowledge for analyzing features and distinguishing intentions when interacting with gestures.