Environmental systems; containing different roles, norms and rules that function in congruence with each other, to shape human development. These systems include the micro system, the mesosystem, the exosystem, the macro system, and the chronosystem.
Published in Chapter:
Situational Analysis of Muslim Children in the Face of Islamophobia: Theoretical Frameworks, Experiences, and School Social Work Interventions
Jannat Fatima Farooqui (University of Delhi, India) and Archana Kaushik (University of Delhi, India)
Copyright: © 2020
|Pages: 21
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-0018-7.ch006
Abstract
Islamophobia is a reality today that finds its manifestations at different levels of society and has been researched through diverse gendered, ethnic, and regional perspectives. The sensitivity of the topic has resulted in limited work around exploring consequences of Islamophobia on Muslim children. As religiously charged crimes against Muslims in the West continue to grow, Islamophobia has crept into the schools, classrooms, and playgrounds of many countries and needs to be recognized and effectively mitigated. Based in a child rights-based context, this chapter is a review of empirical literature that attempts to characterize and theorize Islamophobia to understand why and how it affects the lives of Muslim children. It accounts for varied Islamophobic experiences that children encounter in regions of North America and Europe. It is inferred that educational institution cannot be isolated from global incidents of Islamophobia and become sites for further propagating racist sentiments. The chapter ends with school social work model directed towards prevention and reduction of Islamophobia.