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What is Information System (IS)

Chapter 1
Navigating IT Governance for Resilient Organizations
An organized set of components for collecting, storing, processing, and communicating information within an organization.
Published in Chapter:
Evolution From IT Governance to Cyber-Agility
Copyright: © 2024 |Pages: 33
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3693-3431-7.ch001
Abstract
This chapter explores IT governance, a critical aspect of corporate governance that enhances decision-making and execution in information technology. IT governance is essential for public and private sectors, promoting equity, transparency, and accountability to achieve organizational objectives. It is unique as IT projects are fundamentally business projects. The chapter traces IT's evolution from early “electronic calculators” to its current strategic role in businesses. It highlights IT's shift from cost-saving measures to a key element in strategic planning and the increasing integration of IT over decades. The historical perspective includes the impact of early automation technologies, such as the alphabetizing machine during the Great Depression, on modern data processing systems. The chapter emphasizes IT governance's significant influence on organizational success and its role in navigating contemporary IT challenges.
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Chapter 59
Exploring the Relation between the Use of HRIS and their Implementation in Spanish Firms
A system, automated or manual, that comprises people, machines, and/or methods organized to collect, process, transmit, and disseminate data that represent user information. A set of people, procedures and resources that collects, transforms and disseminates information in an organization. A system that accepts data resources as input and processes them into information products as output.
Published in Chapter: Exploring the Relation between the Use of HRIS and their Implementation in Spanish Firms; From: Encyclopedia of Human Resources Information Systems: Challenges in e-HRM
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Chapter 5
Autopoietic Cognitive Systems in Management Applications: A Critical Review
Technical, formal, organizational subsystem STS designed to collect, process, store, processes, distribute or interprets information; having the ability to organize and maintain a network of relationships between continuous communication events. Technological system having a definitive boundary, users, processors, storage, inputs, outputs and the aforementioned communication networks.
Published in Chapter: Autopoietic Cognitive Systems in Management Applications: A Critical Review; From: Handbook of Research on Autopoiesis and Self-Sustaining Processes for Organizational Success
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Chapter 14
Augmented Reality as an Innovative Tool for the Training of Bilingual Education Teachers in Primary Schools
It is a set of interrelated elements or components to collect, manipulate and disseminate data into information and to provide a feedback mechanism towards the fulfillment of an objective.
Published in Chapter: Augmented Reality as an Innovative Tool for the Training of Bilingual Education Teachers in Primary Schools; From: Handbook of Research on Training Teachers for Bilingual Education in Primary Schools
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Chapter 116
The Sign-Meaning Chain and its Implications for the Organization
The system of persons, data records, and activities that process the data and information in a given organization, including manual processes or automated processes. Usually the term is used as a synonymous for computer-based information systems, which is only the information technologies component of an information system.
Published in Chapter: The Sign-Meaning Chain and its Implications for the Organization; From: Encyclopedia of Human Resources Information Systems: Challenges in e-HRM
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Chapter 427
Model-Supported Alignment of IS Architecture
A system that communicates, transforms, and preserves information for human users. An information system comprises one or more computerized data systems along with their human users, operators, and maintainers.
Published in Chapter: Model-Supported Alignment of IS Architecture; From: Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition
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Chapter 40
Data Discovery Systems for Not-for-Profit Organizations
A computer program; enables and facilitates computer users to solve their problems.
Published in Chapter: Data Discovery Systems for Not-for-Profit Organizations; From: Encyclopedia of Organizational Knowledge, Administration, and Technology
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Chapter 625
User Modeling and Personalization of Advanced Information Systems
IS is defined as “a system consisting of the network of all communication channels used within an organization” (Wordnet).
Published in Chapter: User Modeling and Personalization of Advanced Information Systems; From: Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition
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Chapter 657
Information and IT in Small and Medium Enterprises
IT used to support operations, management and decision-making in an organization. Also encompasses people's interaction with technology in support of operational/business processes.
Published in Chapter: Information and IT in Small and Medium Enterprises; From: Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Third Edition
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Chapter 10
Evaluation of Theories and Information System Adoption Drivers in Government Organizations: Using a Systematic Literature Review Process
A set of interconnected components (human interaction, technology, features, and processes) that collect, operate, store, and distribute data, and disseminate information to meet an objective; they act as a feedback mechanism that helps organizations to achieve their goals ( Toland & Yoong, 2013 ).
Published in Chapter: Evaluation of Theories and Information System Adoption Drivers in Government Organizations: Using a Systematic Literature Review Process; From: Handbook of Research on Emerging Business Models and Managerial Strategies in the Nonprofit Sector
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Chapter 207
Supply Chain Integration in Construction Industry
A system to collect, transform, and disseminate information in an organization.
Published in Chapter: Supply Chain Integration in Construction Industry; From: Encyclopedia of Networked and Virtual Organizations
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Chapter 5
Key Processes for the Performance of Work-Integrated Learning in HE: Focusing on Talents With a Winning-Foursome
Is a socio-technical system (organization and persons, IT and business processes) of an organized set of resources to collect, store, process and distribute information for transaction processing, Management, Decision support and Execution. It contributes to the performance and development of a company in all its dimensions (economic, social…). One example is the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). Dashboards are ways to visualize the data. However, with a focus on the performance of the user in a specific field and for the business, the Electronic Performance Support System (EPSS) provides the “ just-in-time, just enough training, information, tools, and help for users of a product or work environment ” ( Bezanson, 2002 ). This also includes easy access to individualized online advice and learning experiences ( Raybould, 2000 ), referring to “ knowledge management ” and “ informal training ”. These are the principles for our Formative dashboard (F-Db).
Published in Chapter: Key Processes for the Performance of Work-Integrated Learning in HE: Focusing on Talents With a Winning-Foursome; From: Handbook of Research on Operational Quality Assurance in Higher Education for Life-Long Learning
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Chapter 58
Dynamic Information Systems in Higher Education
A system, whether automated or manual, comprising people, machines, and/or methods organized to collect, process, transmit, and disseminate data that represent user information.
Published in Chapter: Dynamic Information Systems in Higher Education; From: Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking, Second Edition
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Chapter 324
Innovative Thinking in Software Development
A system that uses IT to capture, transmit, store, retrieve, manipulate or display data for business processes in an organization.
Published in Chapter: Innovative Thinking in Software Development; From: Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition
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