What is Level of Measurement

In the past, a large number of research efforts concentrated on single-level analysis; however, researchers who only conduct this level of analysis are finding it harder to justify due to the advancements in statistical software and research techniques. The validation of research findings comes partially from others replicating existing studies as well as building onto theories. Through replication and validation, the research process becomes cyclical in nature, and each iteration builds upon the next. Each succession of tests sets new boundaries, furthering the verification and falsification process. For multilevel models to be correctly specified, the level of analysis needs to be in congruence with the level of measurement. This chapter provides an overview of theory with a primary focus on multilevel theory and multilevel theory development. Also, this chapter provides tips for writing theoretical articles along with guidelines for evaluating theoretical articles.