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What is Surveillance

Handbook of Research on ICTs and Management Systems for Improving Efficiency in Healthcare and Social Care
The continuous evaluation of a disease or health variable using uniform, rapid, precise, and accurate methods.
Published in Chapter:
Geographical Information Management Approaches: Improvements in Health and Social Care
Maria José Lucena e Vale (FE - Catholic University, Portugal & Directorate General for Territorial Development, Portugal) and Filipa Vale (FE - Catholic University, Portugal & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Portugal)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-3990-4.ch010
Abstract
The existence of adequate and reliable information to assess population health is essential to build solid strategies for public health promotion and social care, as to help demonstrate efficient investment in these areas. There are several health-related databases, covering different scales: World, Europe, or National, including several datasets with different details. These different datasets should be reviewed and selected on the basis of their ability to support efficient strategies associated with monitoring population health and their usefulness in the promotion of health care efficiency. To understand the relevance of these database infrastructures when integrated with Web-based, geographical information management tools, and use these to improve the knowledge of health issues, this chapter integrates examples related to enhancing the performance analysis of this collaborative spatial data infrastructure in three distinct areas: national health systems and health care; disease prevalence studies in different countries, and integrated analysis of environment quality and public health.
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Geographical Information Management Approaches: Improvements in Health and Social Care
The continuous evaluation of a disease or health variable using uniform, rapid, precise, and accurate methods.
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Big Brothers Are Seducing You: Consumerism, Surveillance, and the Agency of Consumers
Close and often hidden observation. On the internet, the surveillance is carried out by using software technology and results in large amount of data to be analyzed by using other software technology.
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The Gatekeepers of Cyberspace: Surveillance, Control, and Internet Regulation in Brazil
It is the practice of monitoring, through human resources and/or technical movements, actions and habits of individuals or groups of individuals.
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Hepatitis E: Overview and Management in Namibia
Is “the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health-related data essential to planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice” (CDC, 2014).
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Masters of Imagination: From Hierarchies to Connected Swarms
Listening in to nearly all electronic signals emanated or exchanged by persons.
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Is Somebody Spying on Us?: Social Media Users' Privacy Awareness
Surveillance is the monitoring of behavior, activities, or other changing information for the purpose of influencing, managing, directing, or protecting people.
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Surveillance for Early Detection of High-Consequence Pests and Pathogens
An official process which collects and records data on pest presence or absence by survey, monitoring, or other methods.
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The Influence of Life Stories and Literature on Critical Thinking
The careful watching of a person or place, especially by an organization, the police or army, because of a crime that has happened or is expected.
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The Challenge of Democratization in Africa: From Digital Democracy to Digital Authoritarianism
The act of observing someone closely to collect information about the person’s activities. It can be used by a state to monitor unscrupulous elements to investigate crime or prevent it altogether. Meanwhile, it can also be used by the state to monitor the citizens so as to prevent activism or opposition and promote repression.
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Citizen Participation in Community Surveillance: Mapping the Dynamics of WhatsApp Neighbourhood Crime Prevention Practices
Surveillance pertains to the collection and processing of personal data for the purpose of influencing or managing other persons or systems.
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Surveillance Design After Initial Detection
An organized system of sample design and collection, testing, and reporting intended to collect information about a hazard with a certain likelihood or level of precision in a defined period of time.
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The Mediation of Identity: Key Issues in Historic Perspective
Refers to practices of monitoring, observing, and/or tracking individuals and groups, often for purposes of identification, categorization, social organization, security or control.
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A Foucauldian Perspective on Using the Transparency Framework in Learning and Teaching (TILT)
Means keeping a close watch over other individuals and their activities. It is the process of monitoring individuals’ behavior and their activities for the purpose of gathering information and then using that information to manage, direct and control them. Surveillance techniques can include simple observation techniques to the usage of highly technically advanced electronic equipment.
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A Practice Perspective on Transforming Mobile Work
Monitoring the behaviour and actions of the organizational members, based also on the information generated of various work tasks.
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A Critical Narrative of Employee Well-Being and Control Paradox in Higher Education
It is defined as coercive, technological, and political method for controlling and disciplining workers for gaining control, profit, and power leading to prevalence and popularization of dominant voice, employee poor performance, productivity, resentment, and toxicity. It is also described as modern-day panopticon.
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When Bentham Meets Big Data in Times of COVID-19: Social Credit System of China
Surveillance is supervision and monitoring of persons, groups, societies etc. in order to gather information.
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Resisting With Art: The Surveillance Art Against Surveillance
To follow directly or indirectly (via technology) something or somebody.
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Transformation of Entertainment Culture throughout Society and History
In the narrow sense, surveillance means the close observation of persons of interest. However, with the capabilities of technology it has gained a more systematic and pervasive character in the society.
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Voyeurism in Social Networks and Changing the Perception of Privacy on the Example of Instagram
Can be viewed as a violation of privacy. A graph of the relationships between users on social networking sites. Social network analysis enables governments to gather detailed information about peoples' friends, family, and other contacts. Since much of this information is voluntarily made public by the users themselves, it is often considered to be a form of open-source intelligence. One common form of surveillance is to create maps of social networks based on data from social networking sites such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter. These social network “maps” are then data mined to extract useful information such as personal interests, friendships & affiliations, wants, beliefs, thoughts, and activities.
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