Login/Create Account
Language:
English
US
China
Cart
0
All Products
All Products
Books
Journals
Videos
Book Chapters
Journal Articles
Video Lessons
Teaching Cases
Special Offers
All IGI Global Scholarly Journals Shift to Open Access
Following the first conversion of a portion of IGI Global’s hybrid open access/subscription-based journals to gold open access (OA) in 2021, and then again in 2022, IGI Global is pleased to announce that the remainder of their hybrid open access/subscription-based journal collection will officially convert to gold OA beginning January 1st, 2023.
Learn More
IGI Global’s New Emerging Topic e-Book Collections
Acquire highly focused and affordable Cutting-Edge Peer-Reviewed Research Content through a selection of 17 topic-focused e-Book Collections discounted up to 90%, compared to list prices. Collection topics include Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI), Artificial Intelligence, Language Learning, Marketing and Customer Relations, Religious and Indigenous Studies, and more. Hosted on the InfoSci
®
platform, these collections feature no DRM, no additional cost for multi-user licensing, no embargo of content, full-text PDF & HTML format, and more.
Learn More
Open Access Book (Free Access) - New Models of Higher Education: Unbundled, Rebundled, Customized, and DIY (ISBN: 9781668438091)
The Walmart Corporation and the Lumina Foundation have provided funding to make the publication, New Models of Higher Education: Unbundled, Rebundled, Customized, and DIY (ISBN: 9781668438091), Fully Open Access, completely removing any paywall between researchers in education and the new models for the future of higher education.
Learn More
Open Access Book (Free Access) - Handbook of Research on the Global View of Open Access and Scholarly Communications (ISBN: 9781799898054)
Through a Collaboration between IGI Global and the University of North Texas, the Handbook of Research on the Global View of Open Access and Scholarly Communications (ISBN: 9781799898054) has been published as Fully Open Access, completely removing any paywall between researchers of any field, and the latest research on the equitable and inclusive nature of Open Access and all of its complications.
Learn More
Books
Books
Open Access Books
OnDemand Book Chapters
Journals
Journals
Open Access Journals
OnDemand Journal Articles
e-Collections
Open Access
Open Access Publishing
Open Access Journals
Open Access Books
Retrospective Open Access
Open Access Agreements & Transformative Options
Publish
with Us
Resources
Librarians
e-Collections
Book Title List
Journal Title List
Video Title List
Library Collection Development Service
Browse Forthcoming Books
Consortia Partnerships
Library and Publisher Collaborations
Product Distributors
Catalogs
Open Access Initiative
Instructors
Course Adoption
Teaching Cases
K-12 Online Learning Collection
Researchers
Browse Books
Browse Journals
Browse Forthcoming Books
Search Open Access Content
OnDemand Downloads
Webinars
Authors and Editors
eEditorial Discovery
®
System
Peer Review Process
Ethics and Malpractice
COPE Membership
Fair Use Policy
Open Access Publishing
FAQ
Distributors
Distributor Resources
Book Distributors
Journal Subscription Agencies
E-Resource Partners
Browse Forthcoming Books
Catalogs
About Us
Newsroom
What is Data
1.
The plural form of “datum”; commonly used to refer to research material. While
data
can assume many forms depending on the particular field—texts for humanities researchers, images for astronomers, videos for psychiatrists, etc.—the term is used in this chapter to refer specifically to numeric
data
.
Learn more in: An Approach to Supporting Teaching With Data in the Social Sciences
2.
A value that could be generated from a measurement, observation or counting. It is expressed in defined units and can be easily converted.
Learn more in: A Design Framework for a Market Intelligence System for Healthcare Sector: A Support Decision Tool in an Emergent Economy
3.
A value that could be generated from a measurement, observation or counting. It is expressed in defined units and can be easily converted.
Learn more in: A Design Framework for a Market Intelligence System for Healthcare Sector: A Support Decision Tool in an Emergent Economy
4.
All the information that is available for querying.
Learn more in: Analyzing GraphQL Performance: A Case Study
5.
These refer to quantities, characters, or symbols on which operations are performed by a computer, which may be stored and transmitted in the form of electrical signals and recorded on magnetic, optical, or mechanical recording media.The singular form is datum.
Learn more in: Disaster and Digital Libraries in Developing Countries: Issues and Challenges
6.
Observations.
Learn more in: Data, Information, and Knowledge: Developing an Intangible Assets Strategy
7.
Structured figures, symbols or numbers stored on a computer (Bennett et al., 2010 AU223: The in-text citation "Bennett et al., 2010" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ).
Learn more in: Digitally-Enabled Design Management
8.
Is information that has been translated into a form that is efficient for movement or processing.
Learn more in: Consumer Big Data Analytics: A Treasure for Businesses in the Socio-Digital Era
9.
Symbols obtained through an encoding process of the environment cit_bfthat can be available to an individual and/or organization but which have not as yet been evaluated for their worth in a specific scenario.
Learn more in: The Quality Attribution in Data, Information and Knowledge
10.
Facts and numbers which relay something specific, but which are not organized in any way and which provide no further information.
Learn more in: Software Component Technology: Concepts, Design, and Management Method
11.
Facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis.
Learn more in: Collaborative Assessment and Survey Administration: A MISO Survey Case Study
12.
The base level of the semantic ladder.
Data
involves the measurement of some attribute.
Learn more in: Development Trends of Information Systems
13.
It is a unit of information that describes a single quality or quantity of an object or phenomenon.
Learn more in: The Flow of Influence From Two-Step to Network Perspectives
14.
The facts about different aspects are termed as
data
.
Learn more in: Technology Support for Knowledge Management in Industrial Settings: Issues and Implications
15.
Information obtained and put together.
Learn more in: A Walk Through the World of Data Analytics
16.
Information in raw or unorganized form (such as alphabets, numbers, or symbols) that refer to, or represent, conditions, ideas, or objects.
Learn more in: Information Architecture as an Enabler for Business Development: A Case Study
17.
Observations.
Learn more in: Data, Knowledge, and Intelligence
18.
The representation of facts, concepts or instructions. Formalized with a structure suitable for communication, interpretation or processing by humans or by automatic means. The raw material of information. The basic element for the production of new information.
Learn more in: Strategic Information Management: Implementing and Managing a Digital Project
19.
The set of samples, facts, or cases in a
data
repository. As an example of a sample, consider the field values of a particular credit application in a bank
data
base.
Learn more in: Credit Risk Assessment and Data Mining
20.
Unprocessed information – facts, figures and statistics collected together for reference or analysis.
Learn more in: Application of Blockchain in Libraries and Information Centers
21.
Data
is basically codes that constitute the raw material of information, ie, it is untreated information.
Data
refers to facts, events, actions, activities, and transactions which have been and can be recorded, i.e. the raw material from which information is produced, nurturing the infrastructure and components that enable modern computing.
Data
represent one or more meanings of a system that transmits a message. Information is any structuring or organization of such
data
.
Learn more in: Lower Memory Consumption for Data Transmission in Smart Cloud Environments With CBEDE Methodology
22.
They are objects and subjects found around.
Learn more in: Understanding Big Data and Techniques in Cultural Tourism
23.
Presentation of information in a form suitable for automatic processing.
Learn more in: Digital Transformation of Small and Medium Businesses
24.
Information that is gathered from a variety of sources of student work. This information helps to guide the planning of lessons that meet the needs of students.
Learn more in: Using Classroom Assessment Data to Guide Instruction
25.
Data
are “binary (digital) representations of atomic facts,” especially from financial transactions.
Data
may also be “text, graphics, bit-mapped images, sound, analog or digital live-video segments.” Structured
data
are the “raw material” for analysis using a
data
-driven DSS. The
data
are “supplied by
data
producers and [are] used by managers and analysts to create information.”
Learn more in: Development and Design Methodologies in DWM
26.
A representation of facts, concepts, or instructions in a formalized manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing by humans or by automated means.
Learn more in: Social Network Analysis for Virtual Communities
27.
Information about human beings.
Learn more in: The Internet of Things From a Legal Perspective: The Concern About Personal Data
28.
Data
is raw fact that can be processed for information. Examples of
data
include texts, images, and videos.
Learn more in: Data Avalanche: Harnessing for Mobile Payment Fraud Detection Using Machine Learning
29.
Observations.
Learn more in: Big Data, Knowledge, and Business Intelligence
30.
It is a unit of information that describes a single quality or quantity of an object or phenomenon.
Learn more in: What Is Computational Communication Research?
31.
The quantities, characters, and statistics; can be textual or numerical.
Learn more in: Optimizing Knowledge Management During Crises
32.
Facts and statistics collected together on which operations are performed for reference or analysis.
Learn more in: Big Data and Analytics: Application to Healthcare Industry
33.
Any and all complex
data
entities from observations, experiments, simulations, models, and higher order assemblies, along with the associated documentation needed to describe and interpret them
Learn more in: SHARE: A European Healthgrid Roadmap
34.
The representation of facts, concepts or instructions. Formalized with a structure suitable for communication, interpretation or processing by humans or by automatic means. The raw material of information. The basic element for the production of new information.
Learn more in: Challenges for Education in the Information Society
35.
It is a collection of information.
Learn more in: Data Visualization in R
36.
Presentation of information in a form suitable for automatic processing.
Learn more in: Electronic Government
37.
It is a collection of raw facts about something.
Learn more in: Insight Into Big Data Analytics: Challenges, Recent Trends, and Future Prospects
38.
The representation of facts or instructions in a manner suitable for processing by computers or analyzing by human.
Learn more in: Investigation of Software Reliability Prediction Using Statistical and Machine Learning Methods
39.
Is any information gathered, stored, and processed in order to generate and validate original research findings.
Learn more in: Supporting Data Preservation Through Institutional Repositories of the Academic Libraries in South Africa: A Case Study of Three Academic Libraries
40.
Are specific figures or observations standing alone, such facts have no intrinsic meaning, but can be easily captured, transmitted, and stored electronically.
Learn more in: An Explorative Study of Knowledge-Transfer Mechanism: Processes and Factors (Enablers and Barriers) – Conceptual Model
41.
Observations.
Learn more in: Big Data, Knowledge, and Business Intelligence
42.
A collection or set of facts (numbers, measurements, observations, or descriptions) that can be quantitative or qualitative in nature
Learn more in: Leveraging Collective Wisdom to Impact Workplace Culture
43.
Presentation of the processed information for transmission, interpretation, or processing (computer files, paper documents, records in the information system, etc.).
Learn more in: Assessment Approach of Enterprise Readiness to Digital Transformation
44.
Quantitative facts, figures or statistics provided without context.
Learn more in: Information Visualization and Interface Culture
45.
It refers to representation of information, knowledge, facts, concepts, or instructions that are being prepared in a formal manner. It is intended for processing and may be stored in any form on papers or on a storage device or in the computer memory.
Learn more in: Citizen Data in Distributed Computing Environments: Privacy and Protection Mechanisms
46.
Both a generic and specific term to describe information now typically stored on computers. It is used generically when the structure and subject matter is unknown. It is used specifically when ascribed to a defined
data
set, such as ‘statistical
data
’. The term. Often referred to as Big
Data
or
Data
Lakes, these describing large volumes and varieties of
data
, increasing daily by volume and subject matter.
Data
is both structured, where the
data
must conform to certain rules, such as financial transactions, and free flowing, where no or little structure is required, such as the information shared via social media. See also ‘
data
lifecycle’.
Learn more in: Data Privacy vs. Data Security
47.
Are specific, objective facts or observations standing alone, such facts have no intrinsic meaning, but can be easily captured, transmitted, and stored electronically.
Learn more in: Knowledge Management Systems Characteristics That Support Knowledge Sharing and Decision-Making Processes in Organizations
48.
Data
is factual information, especially organized for analysis, reasoning, or making decisions.
Learn more in: Visualization of Big Data Sets Using Computer Graphics
49.
Facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis.
Learn more in: Information Security Awareness in Tourism Enterprises: Case of Turkish Manager Opinions
50.
"
Data
are defined as symbols that represent properties of objects, events and their environment. They are the products of observation. But are of no use until they are in a useable (i.e., relevant) form. The difference between
data
and information is functional, not structural." (Ackoff, 1989)
Learn more in: Human Digital Transformation Readiness: Integrate Data Into the Mindset and Decision-Making Processes
51.
Information collected during a research effort.
Learn more in: Building a Psychometric Instrument and Data Collection Checklist for Healthy Aging Initiatives
52.
Are specific, objective facts or observations standing alone, such facts have no intrinsic meaning, but can be easily captured, transmitted, and stored electronically.
Learn more in: Knowledge Management in the Palestinian Public Sector
53.
The pure and simple facts without any particular structure or organization, the basic atoms of information.
Learn more in: Communication, Information, and Pragmatics
54.
Factual information, especially organized for analysis, reasoning, or making decisions.
Learn more in: Advances in Describing and Managing Our Environment
55.
Specific information of certain variables acquired with the purpose of studying natural phenomena.
Learn more in: Argumentation Schema to Analyze High School Students' Scientific Reasoning
56.
Is raw, unorganised individual elements or facts. These can be numbers, symbols, text, or images.
Learn more in: Evolution of the Health Record as a Communication Tool to Support Patient Safety
57.
The representation of facts, concepts or instructions. Formalized with a structure suitable for communication, interpretation or processing by humans or by automatic means. The raw material of information. The basic element for the production of new information.
Learn more in: Information Strategy: Implementing and Managing a Digital Strategy in a Portuguese Company
58.
A reinterpretable representation of information in a formalized manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing. Examples of
data
include a sequence of bits, a table of numbers, the characters on a page, the recording of sounds made by a person speaking, or a moon rock specimen ( Consultative Committee for Space
Data
Systems, 2012 , p. 1-10).
Learn more in: Effectiveness of Reference Models for Knowledge Organization Systems: A Cross-Analysis of Requirements
59.
Is unprocessed information in form of text, media and so on.
Learn more in: Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain as Disruptive Technologies in Adolescent Lives
60.
Pieces collected on a daily basis in the form of bits, numbers, symbols, and “objects.”
Learn more in: Adaptive Business Intelligence
61.
One or more values represented in numeric, symbolic or any other form.
Learn more in: Automated Interpretation of Key Performance Indicators by Using Rules
62.
The representation of facts, concepts or instructions. Formalized with a structure suitable for communication, interpretation or processing by humans or by automatic means. The raw material of information. The basic element for the production of new information.
Learn more in: Implementing and Managing an Information Strategy Project: The Case of a Real Estate Broker Organization
63.
Newly created or existing information that is derived from observation or research. It may be
data
that uses numbers or values (quantitative), or a description of concepts that cannot be counted or measured but is observed and recorded by a trained researcher (qualitative), or is a combination of quantitative and qualitative information.
Learn more in: Teenage Pregnancy: From Research and Theory to Practice
64.
Data
is an essential raw material for creating and implementing successful analytical solutions.
Learn more in: Data Analytics: Challenges and Opportunities for the Family Business
65.
This term comprises facts, observations, and raw information.
Data
itself has little meaning if it is not processed.
Learn more in: Big Data, Who Are You?
66.
The
data
does not carry any sense or meaning of the facts, images or sounds, since they lack relational elements essential to the establishment of a complete meaning, requiring a relational structure internal to a cognitive purpose.
Learn more in: Information and Its Conceptual Perspectives
Find more terms and definitions using our
Dictionary Search
.
Data
appears in:
Handbook of Research on Academic Libraries as...
Search inside this book for more research materials.
Recommend to a Librarian
Recommend to a Colleague
Looking for research materials? Search our database for more
Data
downloadable research papers.
InfoSci-OnDemand
Download Premium Research Papers
Full text search our database of 175,500 titles for
Data
to find related research papers.
Learn More About Data in These Related Titles
The Role of Child Life Specialists in Commun...
Social Sciences & Humanities
Copyright 2023. 472 pages.
While the genesis of the Certified Child Life Spec...
In Stock
$29.50 Individual Chapters
Critical Perspectives on Social Justice in S...
Social Sciences & Humanities
Copyright 2021. 355 pages.
There is very little discussion of socially just a...
In Stock
$29.50 Individual Chapters
Handbook of Research on Clinical Application...
Medicine & Healthcare
Copyright 2020. 1356 pages.
In the past, individuals in the dentistry field ha...
In Stock
$29.50 Individual Chapters
Theory and Practice of Business Intelligence...
Medicine & Healthcare
Copyright 2020. 322 pages.
Business intelligence supports managers in enterpr...
In Stock
$29.50 Individual Chapters
Handbook of Research on the Global Impacts a...
Media & Communications
Copyright 2020. 539 pages.
The world is witnessing a media revolution similar...
In Stock
$29.50 Individual Chapters
Police Psychology and Its Growing Impact on...
Social Sciences & Humanities
Copyright 2017. 345 pages.
Police psychology has become an integral part of p...
In Stock
$29.50 Individual Chapters
Censorship and Student Communication in Onli...
Education
Copyright 2016. 622 pages.
While freedom of speech is a defining characterist...
In Stock
$29.50 Individual Chapters
Handbook of Research on Computerized Occlusa...
Medicine & Healthcare
Copyright 2015. 973 pages.
Modern medicine is changing drastically as new tec...
In Stock
$29.50 Individual Chapters
Educational, Psychological, and Behavioral C...
Media & Communications
Copyright 2014. 465 pages.
Online communities continue to evolve as more peop...
In Stock
$29.50 Individual Chapters
Electronic Enterprise: Strategy and Architec...
Business & Management
Copyright 2003. 384 pages.
Enterprise evolution (or electronic enterprise) is...
In Stock
$29.50 Individual Chapters