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What is Terrorism

Handbook of Research on the Regulation of the Modern Global Migration and Economic Crisis
Terrorism is the systematic use of violence to instill fear in the population and change the political climate. Terrorism is a problem for all political parties, for right-wing and left-wings, nations or religious groups, revolutionaries, and even state institutions such as the army and police.
Published in Chapter:
Islamic Radicalism in France
Mariam Ugulava (Georgian Technical University, Georgia)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-6334-5.ch020
Abstract
Globalization in the 21st century was most clearly manifested through terrorism. The visible example of this fact is that more than 200 countries in the world cannot fight against it independently. A series of terrorist attacks shook France in January 2015, claiming the lives of 17 people, including 11 journalists and security personnel at the Paris offices of Charlie Hebdo, a satiric magazine. Most of the population expressed solidarity with France and talked about the future threats that the world should expect from the Islamic State. This study aims to identify the primary roots of Islamic radicalization in France by identifying and analyzing social conditions conducive to Islamist radicalization. France has become a target of extremist groups since the 1950s and now is one of the biggest Western targets of terrorism. According to the results of this study, there is a relatively high concentration of radicalization among migrant communities, especially those of the North African origin.
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Crisis Management Challenges
Criminal acts intended to cause a state of terror in the general public, in groups of persons or in specific individuals, for purposes that cannot be justified, for reasons of a political, philosophical, ideological, racial, ethnic, religious or other nature.
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One Country, Two Organizations: Mozambique Rescue Front and Mozambique National Resistance Movement
It is a systematic and calculated use of terrorism and violence for political purposes, based on a theory, philosophy, and ideology to achieve certain goals and obey the results that cannot be achieved by war and diplomacy.
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Global Security and Political Problems of the 21st Century
Premeditated violence perpetrated against non-combat targets by subnational or transnational groups or clandestine agents usually intended to influence an audience.
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The Power of Literature to Decipher the Archetype of Lone-Wolf: A Critical Analysis
Means the use of illegal violence against innocent targets or people who are not in a direct conflict.
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Teaching About Terrorism Through Simulations
A form of politically or ideologically motivated violence intended to invoke fear and change among a wider population via indiscriminate attacks or threats against civilians.
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Jordan's Media Strategy and Its Role in Combating Terrorism: An Opinion Leaders' Perspective (Cases of Jordan TV and Roya TV)
A criminal act carried out by individuals, groups, or official or non-official institutions to damage public and private properties to disrupt the security situation, stability and national unity, or instilling fear, terror, and panic among people or causing chaos for terrorist purposes.
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Combating Terrorism Based on the Principles of International Law
Premeditated violence perpetrated against non-combat targets by subnational or transnational groups or clandestine agents usually intended to influence an audience.
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Transnational Crime and the American Policing System
Violent acts committed to induce fear and intimidation in a general population and thereby achieve political aims or ideological or religious goals.
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The Effects of COVID-19 and Disasters on Scheduling Function in Mega-Projects
It is when a person or a group claiming to be a part of an organization use unlawful tactics, force, threats and violence against another society, state, or groups of civilians.
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The Role of the International Community in Turning Afghanistan Into a Failed State and Its Impact on International and Regional Security
A generalized concept denoting a complex phenomenon that includes fear and horror as the goal of certain terrorist acts aimed at intimidating the population or social groups to directly or indirectly influence the adoption of any decision or reject it in the interests of terrorists. There are many types of terrorism such as political, religious, information, Economic, Social (domestic), etc.
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Deception in Online Terrorist Propaganda: A Study of ISIS and Boko Haram
The use of violence, threat or intimidation to achieve political aims.
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Relationship Between Education, Media, and Terror
Terrorism is a broad concept that includes the concept of terror as an organized, systematic, and continuous terror strategy for political purposes.
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Creating a Climate of Fear: The Case of Las Vegas
The showcasing of violence against a particular person(s), group or institution. This tends to be enacted for religious, political, or ideological reasons.
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Technology and Terror
v. Violent coercion of other people.
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Terrorism, Automated Hosts, and COVID-19: Critical Film Review of the HBO Saga Westworld
It is a type of political (illegal) violence against innocent targets to extortionate governments.
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Terrorist Psychology and Its Impact on International Security
Premediated violence perpetrated against noncombat targets by subnational or transnational groups or clandestine agents usually intended to influence an audience.
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Psychological Aspects of Negotiation With Terrorists
Premeditated violence perpetrated against non-combat targets by subnational or transnational groups or clandestine agents usually intended to influence an audience.
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Redressing a Balance Between Security and Civil Liberty: How Should States Take a Stance Towards Violent Non-State Terrorism?
The use of, or threat of using, violence in covert methods to instill fear in the public or any segment of the public in the goal of political change ( Schmid, 2004 ; Hoffman, 1998 AU35: The in-text citation "Hoffman, 1998" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ).
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Media Development Trends as a Counter for Terrorism in Ukraine
The use or threat of violence and seeks to create fear.
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Grid Computing: Combating Global Terrorism with the World Wide Grid
The act of causing fear on the society by using force or violence to harm or destroy lives and properties by persons or group of persons for certain political or religious reasons so that authorities can succumb to some demands.
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Messengers of Death: Cyber and the Root Structure of Terror
The act or threat of violence with a political motivation and intentional targeting of civilians.
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How Does Terrorism Change the Business Landscape for Firms?: A New Framework for Analyzing Risks
The selective use of violence by non - state actors against civilian targets.
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Terrorist Psychology and Its Impact on National and Global Security
Premeditated violence perpetrated against non-combat targets by subnational or transnational groups or clandestine agents usually intended to influence an audience.
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Travellers' Resilience to Major Travel Risks of Today: Global Terrorism and Pandemic Disease – Opportunities and Challenges for Small Tourism Businesses
The use or threat of violence to create fear and to intimidate a government or any segment of the civilian population to advance political or social objectives.
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Terrorism in the Age of Information: Unpuzzling the Connection of Terrorism and the Media in the Fourth Industrial Revolution
A type of illegal violence that vulnerates innocent to impose its own agenda before the government. Unlike crime which follows individual goals, terrorism exploits the others innocent to press a third part.
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Mediating Death: The Role of Mass Media in Thana-Capitalism
This is a type of political violence which illegitimately produces fear in order to extortionate state.
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Managing Threats and Potential Solutions to Mitigating Mass Violence
Terrorism in this chapter refers to any unlawful use of violence and intimidation on people, especially on a civilian population in order to pursue religious, political or racial ideological goals.
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The Organizational Culture in the Days Post 9/11: A Critical Insight
The illegal use of force or coactive violence to create terror or political instability.
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Criminal Interests within Political Insurgencies: The Case for Development-Centred Counterinsurgency
Although it is a contested concept. One of the more accepted academic definitions is provided by Bruce Hoffman: “the deliberate creation and exploitation of fear through violence or the threat of violence in the pursuit of political change. All terrorist acts involve violence or the threat of violence. Terrorism is specifically designed to have far-reaching psychological effects beyond the immediate victim(s) or object of the terrorist attack.” (Hoffman, 1998 AU48: The in-text citation "Hoffman, 1998" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. )
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Mass Shootings as Terrorism in an Era of Homeland Security
A statutorily defined, prohibited act motivated by extremism and by which one or many are victimized.
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Introduction to Tourism Security: Tourism in the Age of Terrorism
It is a form of political violence that exerts extortion in order for their claim to be accepted.
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Challenges of Religious Tourism in the Conflict Region: An Example of Jerusalem
Is armed attack against civilian population with a primary aim to spred the terror and fear among civilians. Terrorism can motivated by ideology, religion, politics, etc.
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Victimology of Terrorism
Is the calculated use of violence to create a general climate of fear in a population and thereby bring about a particular political objective. Terrorism has been practiced by political organizations with both rightist and leftist objectives, by nationalistic and religious groups, by revolutionaries, and even by state institutions such as armies, intelligence services, and police.
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Problems of Terrorism in the Modern World
Premeditated violence perpetrated against non-combat targets by subnational or transnational groups or clandestine agents usually intended to influence an audience.
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The Approach of the Islamist Press in Turkey to the Murder of Samuel Paty: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Intimidation is an attempt to put pressure on a person or social group and to take away their freedom of expression with the aim of killing people, destroying property, intimidating them.
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Boko Haram's Feminization, Minorization, and Cyberization of Terrorism: Offering the Cyberterrorism Diffusion Model as Anti-Bokoharamism Tool
The threatened or actual use of illegal force and violence by a group or network of non-state actors (whose main targets are not their actual targets) to gain political, economic, religious, or social goals by fear, coercion, or intimidation.
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Female Radicalization: Why and How Women Join ISIS
the deliberate killing of innocent people, at random, to spread fear through a whole population and force the hand of its political leaders.
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The Social Psychology of Terrorism: Preventive Countermeasures
Premeditated violence perpetrated against non-combat targets by subnational or transnational groups or clandestine agents usually intended to influence an audience.
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Persuasive Propaganda: An Investigation of Online Deceptive Tactics of Islamist, White, and Zionist Extremists
The act of using violence to harm people, with the sole intent of furthering extremist propaganda.
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Security, Dark Consumption, and the End of Tourism
It is an illegal act of violence which aims to cause political instability within a society.
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State Terrorism and Its Impact on the Global Processes
Premeditated violence perpetrated against non-combat targets by subnational or transnational groups or clandestine agents usually intended to influence an audience.
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General Framework for Counter-Terrorism and Extremism Strategy: Administrative and Organizational Perspectives
A criminal act carried out by individuals, groups, or official or non-official institutions to damage public and private properties to disrupt the security situation, stability, and national unity, or to instill fear, terror, and panic among people or causing chaos for terrorist purposes.
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The Evolution of Terrorism Threats
There is no an universal definition, but we can affirm that is an anxiety-inspired method of repeated violent action, employed by (semi-)clandestine individuals, groups, or state actors, for idiosyncratic, criminal, or political reasons, whereby – in contrast to assassination – the direct targets of violence are not the main targets.
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