Humanism is a set of philosophies or intellectual movements that find their full expression in the modern period of history, which places man and his values above all other political, economic, racial, and traditional considerations. Humanism aims at emancipation from animality, bestiality and savagery. The concept of “humanism by default” reflects this desire for the ideological and moral non-affiliation of humans with the status of animality.
Published in Chapter:
Lethal Virality of Otherness: COVID-19, Tourism, and Travel
Philippe Joron (Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3, France)
Copyright: © 2022
|Pages: 15
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-3369-0.ch003
Abstract
Sanitary issues and pandemics are in no way new in the history of our collective questioning concerning the organisation of the present and the arrangement of the future according to imperatives external to ourselves, the consequences of which we have been suffering (“black plague,” “Spanish flu,” “Ebola,” “HIV AIDS,” etc.). However, we are now taking for granted, with the appearance in 2019-2020 of COVID-19, the fact that we are no longer in a position to exist fully without external interference in the shared project of human fulfilment. The COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on tourist mobilities can be analysed in the light of other mesological forms in a state of interdependence. Polemology uses the term “total wars,” actual or potential. The recent invasion of Ukraine by Russia, with all its diplomatic, political, military, economic, migratory, humanitarian, and other consequences, is a tragic illustration of that. By terminological extension, it is now possible to speak of “total crises” or “pancrises.”