Engineering consists of theoretical engineering and applied engineering. Theoretical engineering is the creative development of mathematics, natural science, technical principles, or technical methods for usage in the development, analysis, characterization, modeling, control, automation, optimization, forecasting, simulation, or visualization of devices, algorithms, components, systems, machines, apparatuses, structures, processes, operations, or materials. Applied engineering is the creative application of mathematics, natural science, technical principles, or technical methods for the development, analysis, characterization, modeling, control, automation, optimization, forecasting, simulation, or visualization of devices, algorithms, components, systems, machines, apparatuses, structures, processes, operations, or materials. These definitions are by Ashu M. G. Solo.