What is Circular Economy

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An economic system in which the materials are inserted in a cyclic flow, enabling their maximum utilization, reducing the extraction of raw materials from nature (mainly non-renewable), and other environmental impacts. Learn more in: The Circular Economy of Plastics: Where We Are and Where We Can Go

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It is a holistic approach to reduce, reuse and recycle the production and consumption procedures so as to minimize energy consumption and consequently waste production. Learn more in: Circular Economy and Sustainability: Concepts, Perspectives, and (Dis)Agreements

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A systemic approach to economic development designed to benefit businesses, society, and the environment, where the finite resources are used in a constant loop of regeneration without creating waste. Learn more in: Green Charcoal: Developing Biodegradable Construction Materials for a Circular Economy

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This is the manifestation of a paradigm shift, and it will demand changes in the way that society legislates, produces and consumes innovations, while also using nature as inspiration for responding to societal and environmental needs. Learn more in: Digitalization as a Key Issue of the Circular Economy to Promote Sustainability: Prototyping Design for Homeless People

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Model of production and consumption, which involves sharing, leasing, reusing, repairing, refurbishing and recycling existing materials and products as long as possible. Learn more in: Digital Transformation and Circular Economy for Sustainability

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Model that strives for the use of resources and the reduction of materials seeking effective use of resources. Learn more in: Community-Based Tourism in Ceará's Coastal Space: Innovative Socially Responsible Activities

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It is a holistic approach to reduce, reuse and recycle the production and consumption procedures so as to minimise energy consumption and consequently waste production. Learn more in: Circular Economy Principles and Their Influence on Attitudes to Consume Green Products in the Fashion Industry: A Study About Perceptions of Portuguese Students

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Strategy that aims to optimize resources and reduce waste. Learn more in: Implementation of Circular Practices in Small and Medium Enterprises in Developing Countries

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It is an economic system aimed at eliminating waste and the continual use of resources. Based on a close-loop eco-friendly system, the circular economy aims at eliminating all waste (zero waste) and the continual use of economic resources by reusing, sharing, and recycling used products. Learn more in: Circular Economy: An Emerging Paradigm – Concept, Principles, and Characteristics

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Circular economy is an economic model that provides economic growth with a focus on green development to transform the present mass consumption to what is known as responsible consumption, in which supply chain management plays a major role. Learn more in: Development of Supply Chain Framework for the Circular Economy

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Reduction of resource consumption, wastage, and energy consumption through more efficient end-to-end processes along the entire product lifecycle. Learn more in: Industry 4.0 in the Context of the Triple Bottom Line of Sustainability: A Systematic Literature Review

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Economic model oriented to eliminate waste generation, reuse/recycle products and materials, reduce as much as possible resources consumption as well as other actions to close material loops and, in sum, minimize the environmental impact. Learn more in: Opportunities and Challenges of Circular Economy for the Tourism Industry

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An emerging model of economy, which focuses on a sustainable means of production and consumption in which existing materials retain their reusability value for as long as possible. Learn more in: Achieving Supply Chain Resilience Through Smart Supply Chain Practices Leading to Circular Economy

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A circular economy (also referred to as “circularity” and “CE”) is “a model of production and consumption, which involves sharing, leasing, reusing, repairing, refurbishing and recycling existing materials and products as long as possible”. A CE aims to tackle global challenges like climate change, biodiversity loss, waste, and pollution by emphasizing design-based implementation of the three base principles of the model. The three principles required for the transformation to a circular economy are: eliminating waste and pollution, circulating products and materials, and the regeneration of nature. CE is defined in contradistinction to the traditional linear economy. Learn more in: Analysis and Comparison of Business Models of Leading Enterprises in the Chinese Hydrogen Energy Industry

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An economic system aimed at eliminating wastage by continually using same resource. Learn more in: Creativity and Innovation for Entrepreneurs in the Circular Economy

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It is a strategy whose objective is to reduce the entrance of raw material as well as eliminating waste, closing the economic and ecologic flows of resources. Learn more in: Transitioning From Medium to Large Companies in the Circular Economy: Key Factors for Colombian Companies

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The economy where the environment is as an integral part of the economic circuit. Learn more in: Circular Economy and Circular Business Models in the Actual Global Ecological Context: Various Approaches

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An economic model that takes into account the use of resources and seeks to minimize the need for new resources and consequently helps to reduce pressure on the environment by reducing resource extraction, waste disposal and emissions. Learn more in: Advancement of Circular Economy: The European Perspective

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Economics that refers to taking production as a basis for conversion and recycling instead of use and destruction. Learn more in: Strategies of Sustainable Bioeconomy in the Industry 4.0 Framework for Inclusive and Social Prosperity

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a new concept of re-use, re-cycling and re-defining where a new product is created which is needed by consumers. It is a non-linear concept of a relationship between consumers and producers. The circular economy defines new capacity for production, using raw materials and others in order to create a new value in products and a new value chain. There is a maximization of product utility by consumers. Nothing is lost, but transformed in order to create a necessity in consumers/organizations. Learn more in: Circularity in Portugal: Features of New Business Challenges

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This is an economic system aimed at eliminating waste and continuous use of resources and contributing to economic development designed to benefit businesses, society, and the environment. Learn more in: Circular Economy as a New Sustainable Development Paradigm: Some Open Questions and Issues

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A sustainable economic model based on reuse, recycling, and extending the useful life of existing resources. Learn more in: Sustainable Development Through the Circular Economy: Experience From Emerging Economies

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The circular economy proposes an economic and productive model characterized by sustainability and saving of resources and energy sources in which goods are produced, consumed, recycled, produced and re-consumed, entering a life cycle. Learn more in: Circular Green Economy: Resources and Capabilities – Theory-Based Analysis

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Is an economic system of exchange and production which, at all stages of the life cycle of products (goods and services), aims to increase the efficiency of the use of resources and reduce the impact on the environment while developing the well-being of individuals. Learn more in: Green for ICT, Green by ICT, Green by Design

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A production and consumption model where the life cycle of products is extended decoupling the economic activity from the use and waste of finite resources. Learn more in: Harnessing Blockchain and Decentralized Finance in the Post-COVID-19 European Union: The Case of the Circular Economy

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A systemic approach to economic development designed to benefit businesses, society and the environment for a regenerative economy. Learn more in: Viability of Entrepreneurship Education for Employability to Meet Industry 4.0 Challenges in the Circular Economy: A Namibian Case

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Economy that is based on reduced or eliminated waste both from lean and sustainability point of views. Circular economy can be supported by green innovations, eco-industrial development zones, and effective political economy. Learn more in: Political Economy of the Green Innovations in the Construction Industry

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It is defined as a process of gaining monetary benefit by converting resources in manufacturing industry in linear direction and treating the waste produced therein in reverse direction forming a circulatory process. Learn more in: Knowledge Management for Entrepreneurship Development in the Circular Economy

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In the linear economy, raw natural resources are taken, transformed into products and get disposed of. On the opposite, a circular economy model aims to close the gap between the production and the natural ecosystems’ cycles – on which humans ultimately depend upon. This means, on one hand, eliminating waste – composting biodegradable waste or, if it’s a transformed and non-biodegradable waste, reusing, remanufacturing and finally recycling it. On the other hand, it also means cutting off the use of chemical substances (a way to help regenerate natural systems) and betting on renewable energy. Learn more in: Hydrogen-Energy Vector Within a Sustainable Energy System for Stationary Applications

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A circular economy is a systemic approach to economic development designed to benefit businesses, society, and the environment. It is regenerative by design and aims to gradually decouple growth from the consumption of finite resources. It follows the 3R approach: reduce, reuse and recycle. Resource use is minimized (reduce). Reuse of products and parts is maximized (reuse). And last but not least, raw materials are reused (recycled) to a high standard. Learn more in: Operationalization of Circular Economy: A Conceptual Model

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A business model that aims to keep materials and components within a closed loop. Emergy Analysis: An assessment tool that quantifies the accumulative available energy consumed directly or indirectly to produce a product or a service. Learn more in: Emergy Analysis and Supply Chains

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An economic model oriented to eliminate waste generation, reuse/recycle products and materials, reduce as much as possible resources consumption as well as other actions to close material loops, and in sum, minimize the environmental impact. Learn more in: Tourism Circular Economy: Proposal for a Research Agenda

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A system in which emphasis is supplied to the exhaustive use of the product which means that a product is not simply thrown away after its use rather the same should be repaired and put to reuse and one’s it becomes completely nonfunctional the parts of same should be sent for recycle thereby generating minimum waste, and making the product more cost effective. Learn more in: Climate Change and the Circular Economy: Analysis of Policy and Individual Behavior in the Indian Ecosystem

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A model of production and consumption that comprises reusing, sharing, repairing, refurbishing, and recycling existing products and materials, aiming at solving global challenges like waste, pollution, biodiversity loss, and climate change. Learn more in: Framework for Assessing Online Shopping Use Under the Digital Transformation of the Economy in a Post-Pandemic Era

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A circular economy is an economic system of closed loops in which raw materials, components, and products lose their value as little as possible, renewable energy sources are used, and systems thinking is at the core. Learn more in: Mathematics of the Circular Economics: A Case Study for the MENA Region

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A nonlinear economy where it is creating value added in goods. The importance of the circular economy is based on the concept of recycling, reduction and reuse material and creating new products assuming that consumers have new needs. Learn more in: The Circular Agriculture Products During COVID-19: A Portuguese Analysis

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A productive system in which resources, materials and products are maintained as possible within the business cycle and waste is minimized. Learn more in: Social Entrepreneurship and Related Concepts: The Path of Opportunity to Foster New Ventures

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Is a new restorative or regenerative model which disruptly change the way the societies and business are organized. It is based on three principles, eliminate waste and pollution, circulate products and materials and, regenerate nature. Learn more in: Sustainable Cocoa Value Chain: A Review and Critical Analysis of “Triple Bottom Line” Scenarios

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Circular economy is a concept of Economy focused on sustainable development of business and society. Learn more in: Information Literacy and the Circular Economy in Industry 4.0

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A concept that entails gradually decoupling economic activity from the consumption of finite resources, and designing waste out of the system. Learn more in: Food Waste Reduction Towards Food Sector Sustainability

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An economic system aimed at eliminating waste and the continuous use of resources. It uses “R” to define the different activities that can be done with a product at the end of its useful life: reuse, repair, refurbishment, recovery, remanufacturing and recycling to make a closed loop system, and minimise the use of resources and the creation of waste. Even adding more “R's” in the design phase: rethink and reduce. Learn more in: Teaching Circular Economy and Lean Management in a Learning Factory

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A new economic paradigm that consists of extracting raw materials; transforming them; and producing, consuming, and returning the materials to integrate in the process so that they turn into new raw material or new elements of production. Learn more in: Guiding Principles of Design for Circular Tourism

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An economic model in which every waste generated in a production system is re-evaluated so that the cost of raw materials is kept at minimum and resource efficiency and environmental benefits at maximum. Learn more in: Linear Economy to Circular Economy: Planned Obsolescence to Cradle-to-Cradle Product Perspective

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A principle that refers to manage the practices that seek to minimize wastes, reuse, revitalize, regenerate, and recycle materials and products. Learn more in: Blockchain Characteristics and Green Supply Chain Advancement

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Economic system based on a systemic approach to the elimination of waste and continuous utilization of scarce resources. Learn more in: Design Thinking Perspective in Entrepreneurship Education

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An economic system aimed at minimizing resource input and waste, emission, and energy by slowing, closing, and narrowing energy and material loops; this can be achieved through long-lasting design, maintenance, repair, reuse, remanufacturing, refurbishing, and recycling. Learn more in: Environmental Sustainability to Support Competitiveness: From Theory to Practice

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according to this paradigm, our supply, distribution, and consumption systems give up processing materials and other resources in a traditional “one-way” or linear manner, typically ending with their disposal. Instead, “waste” or other system outputs (secondary raw materials, valuables) are reinjected in the economy, allowing numerous additional cycles at high utility. In management literature and practice, circular economy frequently overlaps with related notions such as sustainable development/sustainability and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The supply chain management discipline can support - if not initiate - circular economy through closed-loop logistics principles. Learn more in: Packaging Trends in International Transportation and Logistics

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The circular economy proposes an economic and productive model characterized by sustainability and saving of resources and energy sources in which goods are produced, consumed, recycled, produced and re-consumed, entering a life cycle. Learn more in: Circular-Green Economy: Analysis Based on the Theory of Resources and Capabilities

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A business model for managing sustainable value creation. Learn more in: B Corp Certification for a Circular Economy Approach and a Sustainable Pathway

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The circular economy is the approach that aims to using natural resources and ecosystems more effectively and also distinguish economic growth from these sources. Learn more in: Integrating Performance Measurement Systems Into the Global Lean and Sustainable Construction Supply Chain Management: Enhancing Sustainability Performance of the Construction Industry

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A business strategy that consists of optimizing the use of productive resources to recycle waste generation and eliminate negative externalities on the environment. Learn more in: Entrepreneurship in the Fashion Industry: The Case of Carolina Herrera

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A new economy model in which products are recycled, repaired, or reused rather than thrown away, and in which waste from one process becomes an input into other processes. Learn more in: Influence of the EU Circular Economy Action Plan on Turkey's Energy Policy and Investments in Renewables

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Provides an alternative model of consumption, based on the creation of closed production systems where resources are reused and kept in a “ loop of production ” and usage, allowing the creation of value for a longer period of time. Learn more in: Creating Value From Garbage: A Marketing and Circular Economy Strategy for Sustainability