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What is Design Thinking

Chapter 22
Handbook of Research on Sustainable Career Ecosystems for University Students and Graduates
A human-centered problem-solving approach that emphasizes empathy, creativity, and iterative prototyping in a flexible, collaborative, and user-centric way that can lead to innovative and effective solutions.
Published in Chapter:
Designing Gen Z Careers: A Design Thinking Approach to Sustainable Careers
Pooja Khanna (University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, India) and Ritam Dutta (University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, India)
Copyright: © 2023 |Pages: 22
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-7442-6.ch022
Abstract
The chapter outlines an experimental project to integrate GROWTH – a group coaching technique – into large-enrollment classes for career development training. In this experimental pedagogical approach, career exploration intended to overcome challenges, find possibilities, and widen perspectives was introduced through group projects. The tools to prepare the students for a profession included mindfulness for success, wellbeing, locus of control, and self-reflection. The approach is intended to assist Gen Z students in realigning their professional aspirations with their current situations. This chapter also discusses the potential benefits of applying design thinking to career education. The chapter purports to explore the interrelationship between career adaptability and sustainable careers, and suggest a contemporary pedagogical method for career development learning in differing contexts, using the GROWTH coaching model and design thinking.
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Chapter 5
Adoption of Design Thinking in Industry 4.0 Project Management
A way of complex problem solving by means of creative, iterative, learning focused, collaborative, experimental and explorative approach.
Published in Chapter: Adoption of Design Thinking in Industry 4.0 Project Management; From: Agile Approaches for Successfully Managing and Executing Projects in the Fourth Industrial Revolution
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Chapter 6
Empathy by Design: The Higher Education We Now Need
A five-step process of designing a new product, process or program or to examine an issue to determine a solution. The five steps include: (1) empathize, (2) define, (3) ideate, (4) prototype, and (5) test.
Published in Chapter: Empathy by Design: The Higher Education We Now Need; From: Achieving Equity in Higher Education Using Empathy as a Guiding Principle
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Chapter 18
Nurturing Students' Entrepreneurial Mindset: A Design Thinking Approach
Design Thinking encourages a human-centered approach to problem-solving, where the needs and experiences of users are prioritized. It promotes collaboration, creativity, and open-mindedness to explore new possibilities and challenge assumptions. The methodology can be applied to various contexts, ranging from product design and service delivery to organizational processes and social challenges.
Published in Chapter: Nurturing Students' Entrepreneurial Mindset: A Design Thinking Approach; From: Handbook of Research on Designing Sustainable Strategies to Develop Entrepreneurial Intention
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Chapter 18
The Pedagogical Potential of Design Thinking for CLIL Teaching: Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Deep Learning
An extremely versatile human-centred mode of inquiry or approach to innovation that originated in the world of product designers at Stanford University in the 1970s. It seeks solutions to problems and challenges in as diverse realms as products, services or experiences, including education.
Published in Chapter: The Pedagogical Potential of Design Thinking for CLIL Teaching: Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Deep Learning; From: Handbook of Research on Bilingual and Intercultural Education
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Chapter 20
Universal Design for Learning for Clinical Educators: Design Thinking in Clinical Settings
An iterative process used to examine user experiences and improve those experiences based on variables like the problem to be solved and who it is being solved for.
Published in Chapter: Universal Design for Learning for Clinical Educators: Design Thinking in Clinical Settings; From: Handbook of Research on Applying Universal Design for Learning Across Disciplines: Concepts, Case Studies, and Practical Implementation
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Chapter 7
Practice-Integrated Teaching at Universities of Applied Sciences: Models and Good Practices
An approach that is intended to lead to the finding and development of solutions by focusing in a special way on the user's view of the problem.
Published in Chapter: Practice-Integrated Teaching at Universities of Applied Sciences: Models and Good Practices; From: Teaching Innovation in University Education: Case Studies and Main Practices
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Chapter 15
Partnership of Learning Construction Through Model Making: Case Study or Designing?
Design thinking is both an ideology and a process, concerned with solving complex problems in a highly user-centric way. It focuses on humans first and foremost, seeking to understand people’s needs and come up with effective solutions to meet those needs. It is based heavily on the methods and processes that designers use.
Published in Chapter: Partnership of Learning Construction Through Model Making: Case Study or Designing?; From: Transforming Curriculum Through Teacher-Learner Partnerships
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Chapter 10
Cognitive Apprenticeship for Teaching Computer Science and Leadership in Virtual Worlds
Focuses on problem solving, modeling ideas, and creating action-oriented outcomes. It builds on instructional systems design (ISD) to engage collaborators with a meta-awareness of the performance and behavioral goals of the task.
Published in Chapter: Cognitive Apprenticeship for Teaching Computer Science and Leadership in Virtual Worlds; From: Recent Advances in Applying Identity and Society Awareness to Virtual Learning
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Chapter 2
Effective Training of the Teachers in Teaching of Mathematics: A Reflective Professional Development Model for Teachers-as-Designers
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Chapter 4
Using Design Thinking Practices to Create Technology-Driven Adult Professional Development Programs
A human-centered approach to identifying and solving a large-scale problem through an iterative process involving prototyping and testing potential solutions.
Published in Chapter: Using Design Thinking Practices to Create Technology-Driven Adult Professional Development Programs; From: Handbook of Research on Literacy and Digital Technology Integration in Teacher Education
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Chapter 5
Reframing as Defining in Student Affairs: Co-Curricular Learning Through a Different Lens
A framework of mental processes designers go through to solve design problems (Kimball, 2011 AU33: The in-text citation "Kimball, 2011" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ).
Published in Chapter: Reframing as Defining in Student Affairs: Co-Curricular Learning Through a Different Lens; From: Applying Design Thinking to the Measurement of Experiential Learning
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Chapter 12
Future Trends of Problem-Based Learning in Higher Education
A term used to represent a set of cognitive, strategic, and practical processes are developed.
Published in Chapter: Future Trends of Problem-Based Learning in Higher Education; From: Guide to Integrating Problem-Based Learning Programs in Higher Education Classrooms: Design, Implementation, and Evaluation
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Chapter 10
Re-Imagining the Future of Experiential Learning Through a Campus-Wide Design Thinking Initiative
Creative and human-centered approach to solving complex problems that involves understanding the challenge through the lens of the user, defining the actual root problem(s), coming up with many ideas or solutions, selecting the solution(s) to develop, prototyping the solution(s) and testing the solution(s).
Published in Chapter: Re-Imagining the Future of Experiential Learning Through a Campus-Wide Design Thinking Initiative; From: Applying Design Thinking to the Measurement of Experiential Learning
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Chapter 15
Enterprise IT Transformation Using Cloud Service Broker
It is taking a human-centered approach to solve problems by exploring solution options to achieve extraordinary user experience.
Published in Chapter: Enterprise IT Transformation Using Cloud Service Broker; From: Handbook of Research on End-to-End Cloud Computing Architecture Design
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Chapter 13
Redefining and Reframing a City: Co-Designing a New City Model in Venice – Universities and Society to Envision a Resident-Friendly Future
Human-centred approach to innovation, focused on understanding people’s needs, generating ideas to meet their needs and developing prototypes that need to be tested with final users and adapted if necessary.
Published in Chapter: Redefining and Reframing a City: Co-Designing a New City Model in Venice – Universities and Society to Envision a Resident-Friendly Future; From: Handbook of Research on Urban Tourism, Viral Society, and the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Chapter 10
Framework for Non-Invasive Learning Experience Management in Third Millennium Higher Education Ecosystems
design-specific cognitive activities that designers apply during the process of designing; it became a recognized innovation and solution development strategy for any kind of business or discipline.
Published in Chapter: Framework for Non-Invasive Learning Experience Management in Third Millennium Higher Education Ecosystems; From: Handbook of Research on Engaging Digital Natives in Higher Education Settings
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Chapter 8
Who Engineering Includes Impacts How Engineers Work: Diversity Challenges and Design Thinking Solutions
A set of activities that an individual may employ to understand a problem and potential user population, generate ideas, prototype and test, and engage in an overall iterative process.
Published in Chapter: Who Engineering Includes Impacts How Engineers Work: Diversity Challenges and Design Thinking Solutions; From: Implementation Strategies for Improving Diversity in Organizations
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Chapter 13
Smash-Up: Design Thinking, Personalized Learning, and Gifted Learners
Refers to the process designers use that has been taken up by non-designers to approach problem finding and problem solving.
Published in Chapter: Smash-Up: Design Thinking, Personalized Learning, and Gifted Learners; From: Handbook of Research on Innovative Pedagogies and Best Practices in Teacher Education
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Chapter 7
Design Thinking at EPS: An Interdisciplinary and International Experience
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Chapter 4
An Outlook on the Facilitators' Perspectives of a Cocreation Project at a Higher Education Institution
Design thinking applied to Higher Education are teaching-learning processes, methodologies, practices, and attitudes that involves a structured process of a collaborative teamwork based on practice-based learning, with the main goal of finding practical solutions to real problems and challenges. That involves a high degree of creativity and thinking out-of-the-box to take innovative ideas and bring them to real world, out of academic walls. The Cocreation Project uses cocreation processes and design thinking to find innovative solutions to real world problems and challenges.
Published in Chapter: An Outlook on the Facilitators' Perspectives of a Cocreation Project at a Higher Education Institution; From: The Impact of HEIs on Regional Development: Facts and Practices of Collaborative Work With SMEs
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Chapter 16
Using Design Thinking to Develop and Guide Institutional Strategy
The human-centered process of solving problems by empathizing with the needs of stakeholders, defining problems, creating solutions, prototyping, and testing solutions.
Published in Chapter: Using Design Thinking to Develop and Guide Institutional Strategy; From: Applying Design Thinking to the Measurement of Experiential Learning
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Chapter 7
Design Thinking in Educational Leadership
Refers to dealing with the issue and making the decision-making and problem-solving process easier. It is a non-linear, iterative process that designers utilize to gain a better understanding of their users, challenge assumptions, redefine problems and create innovative solutions for prototype and testing. Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, and Test are the five stages that are most useful for tackling ill-defined or unknown problems.
Published in Chapter: Design Thinking in Educational Leadership; From: Handbook of Research on Educational Leadership and Research Methodology
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Chapter 2
Developing Thinking Skills in a 4th Grade Design Studio in Trinidad and Tobago
An analytic and creative process that relies on the human ability to be intuitive, recognize patterns, to construct emotionally and functionally meaningful ideas and to express concepts through means beyond words or symbols. The phases of the design thinking process are based on curiosity, empathy, exploration of human and environmental needs through research, ideation, prototyping, and testing.
Published in Chapter: Developing Thinking Skills in a 4th Grade Design Studio in Trinidad and Tobago; From: Stagnancy Issues and Change Initiatives for Global Education in the Digital Age
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Chapter 16
Taking Making Into the Schools: An Immersive Professional Development Approach
Design thinking is a process for addressing ill-formed challenges that requires participants to ideate and then prototype solutions for testing. Design thinkers usually share a common set of values including empathy, creativity, end-user focus, teamwork, and rationality. This process fits nicely with STEMx projects grounded in improving the human experience.
Published in Chapter: Taking Making Into the Schools: An Immersive Professional Development Approach; From: Handbook of Research on Teacher Education in the Digital Age
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Chapter 59
A Review of Platforms for Digital Goods
The art of conceptualizing functional requirements and possible solutions for typical applications.
Published in Chapter: A Review of Platforms for Digital Goods; From: Encyclopedia of E-Commerce Development, Implementation, and Management
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Chapter 9
Design Thinking as a Paradigm to Support the Ethical Revival in Higher Education
Both a methodology and mindset for creative and innovative problem solving. As defined by Stanford school, it is problem solving approach centred around empathy as the mechanism for gaining deep understanding of the users and their context.
Published in Chapter: Design Thinking as a Paradigm to Support the Ethical Revival in Higher Education; From: Handbook of Research on Ethical Challenges in Higher Education Leadership and Administration
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Chapter 4
Scalable Start-Up Business Models in the Innovative Development Process
Is a method based on human cognitive abilities that is used to find solutions and find options for launching products or services in a competitive market, to meet the needs of customers or users.
Published in Chapter: Scalable Start-Up Business Models in the Innovative Development Process; From: Innovation and Resource Management Strategies for Startups Development
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Chapter 10
Video Game Making and Modding
An approach to creating new and innovative ideas and products by drawing on an understanding of people, the possibilities of technologies, and design methodologies.
Published in Chapter: Video Game Making and Modding; From: Handbook of Research on the Societal Impact of Digital Media
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Chapter 5
Supporting Learning Design as a Driver for Pedagogical Innovation Within an Integrated Model of Faculty Development
A method to trigger creative processes to generate solutions for ill-defined problems. It encompasses decision making, prototyping and sketching as designer activities. It characterizes the methodological approach in those disciplines that design products and processes (like engineering, architecture, and chemistry, but also in education).
Published in Chapter: Supporting Learning Design as a Driver for Pedagogical Innovation Within an Integrated Model of Faculty Development; From: Handbook of Research on Faculty Development for Digital Teaching and Learning
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Chapter 21
Participatory Design of Use Cases for an IoT Open Platform to Support Smart Urban Development: Approach and Method
A non-linear, iterative process that teams use to understand users, challenge assumptions, redefine problems and create innovative solutions to prototype and test.
Published in Chapter: Participatory Design of Use Cases for an IoT Open Platform to Support Smart Urban Development: Approach and Method; From: Handbook of Research on Developing Smart Cities Based on Digital Twins
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Chapter 16
The City as a Laboratory: Concepts, Designs, and Experiments in Higher Education
Is an iterative process to understand users, challenge assumptions, redefine problems and create innovative solutions to prototype and test.
Published in Chapter: The City as a Laboratory: Concepts, Designs, and Experiments in Higher Education; From: Handbook of Research on Improving Engineering Education With the European Project Semester
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Chapter 2
Empathy First: Refurbishing a Teams' Approach to Student Success
A method of problem solving that takes into consideration issues related to human behavior and social, economic, and political frames. Design thinking involves observation, empathy, ideation, piloting, and iteration.
Published in Chapter: Empathy First: Refurbishing a Teams' Approach to Student Success; From: Applying Design Thinking to the Measurement of Experiential Learning
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Chapter 10
Sustainable Entrepreneurial Thinking: Developing Pro-Active, Globally Aware Citizens
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Chapter 9
The Transformative Potential of the Ongoing Digital Revolution for the Studio Model of Design Education
Methodologies that come from design practice but can be applied in other disciplines.
Published in Chapter: The Transformative Potential of the Ongoing Digital Revolution for the Studio Model of Design Education; From: Impact of Digital Transformation in Teacher Training Models
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Chapter 7
Utilizing Digital Storytelling Tools and Thinking Routines for Cultivating Multiliteracies in Contemporary Classrooms
Relates to understanding and applying the way a product designer thinks and acts in order to solve complex or ill-defined through an iterative process.
Published in Chapter: Utilizing Digital Storytelling Tools and Thinking Routines for Cultivating Multiliteracies in Contemporary Classrooms; From: Handbook of Research on Socio-Cultural and Linguistic Perspectives on Language and Literacy Development
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Chapter 15
Multimodal Literacy and Creative Computing Badges in a Teacher Quality Partnership Residency Program: Putting P-12 Students at the Center Right from the Start
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Chapter 7
A Laboratory for Creativity: How Youth Thrive With Design Thinking and STEAM Education
An educational framework of learning using collaboration and problem solving to identify challenges, gather information, conceive of and test possible solutions, and gain knowledge from results.
Published in Chapter: A Laboratory for Creativity: How Youth Thrive With Design Thinking and STEAM Education; From: Challenges and Opportunities for Transforming From STEM to STEAM Education
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Chapter 4
Critical Thinking Through Game Prototyping: An Innovative Practice for Education
A problem solving approach that allows individuals from non-design backgrounds to think like designers as they adopt core design principles.
Published in Chapter: Critical Thinking Through Game Prototyping: An Innovative Practice for Education; From: Handbook of Research on Digital-Based Assessment and Innovative Practices in Education
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Chapter 11
Service-Learning Volunteerism Reboot: A Case Study of a Funded Community-Engaged Scholarship
A creative process for human-centered problem solving which emphasizes on empathy, systems thinking, and prototyping.
Published in Chapter: Service-Learning Volunteerism Reboot: A Case Study of a Funded Community-Engaged Scholarship; From: Preparing Students for Community-Engaged Scholarship in Higher Education
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Chapter 3
The Gifted Practitioner
An iterative approach to design that involves pilot testing products or processes.
Published in Chapter: The Gifted Practitioner; From: Identifying, Describing, and Developing Teachers Who Are Gifted and Talented
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Chapter 7
The Design Approach to Social Innovation
Design thinking is a creative problem-solving approach involving a human-centered focus.
Published in Chapter: The Design Approach to Social Innovation; From: Theoretical and Practical Approaches to Social Innovation
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Chapter 14
Design Thinking in Higher Education: How Students become Dedicated Creative Problem Solvers
A work culture where multi-perspective teams seek and solve wicked problems or design challenges by applying a creative problem solving process and using adaptable work spaces.
Published in Chapter: Design Thinking in Higher Education: How Students become Dedicated Creative Problem Solvers; From: Handbook of Research on Creative Problem-Solving Skill Development in Higher Education
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Chapter 7
Planning Curriculum for Teaching Thinking Skills Needed for 21st Century Education
A theory associated with the theory of constructivism, leading to teaching methods in which learners design prototypes of solutions to problems in a real-world context.
Published in Chapter: Planning Curriculum for Teaching Thinking Skills Needed for 21st Century Education; From: Handbook of Research on Critical Thinking and Teacher Education Pedagogy
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Chapter 12
Towards a Learning Organization: Navigating Barriers, Levers, and Employees' Capacity for Change
An iterative, cognitive, and strategic process that emphasizes abductive reasoning: successively trying different solutions in order to choose among them. The three dimensions of design thinking are the needs of individuals, the possibilities of technologies, and the business sustainability of solutions. Because these three dimensions interact, a change to one of them may have unexpected effects (good or bad) on the other two. Design thinking can be applied to the design of work practices and the design of businesses, as well as the design of objects.
Published in Chapter: Towards a Learning Organization: Navigating Barriers, Levers, and Employees' Capacity for Change; From: Handbook of Research on Organizational Culture Strategies for Effective Knowledge Management and Performance
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Chapter 18
Design and Innovation: Furniture for Children
A user-centered approach to creative problem solving and innovation.
Published in Chapter: Design and Innovation: Furniture for Children; From: Handbook of Research on Improving Engineering Education With the European Project Semester
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Chapter 11
Time for a Change: Designing a Mobile Application to Assist People With Intellectual Disabilities
A human-centered design methodology for problem solving based on empathy and a deep understanding of the physical and emotional needs of the end users.
Published in Chapter: Time for a Change: Designing a Mobile Application to Assist People With Intellectual Disabilities; From: Mobile Technologies in Educational Organizations
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Chapter 14
Design Thinking in Product Design: Challenges and Opportunities
It is a method to stimulate ideation and insight when approaching problems, related to future information acquisition, knowledge analysis and proposed solutions.
Published in Chapter: Design Thinking in Product Design: Challenges and Opportunities; From: Innovative Digital Practices and Globalization in Higher Education
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Chapter 5
Customer Centric Innovation in Banking Sector
Design thinking is a method to create innovative idea or to solve problem using customer insights and design methodology.
Published in Chapter: Customer Centric Innovation in Banking Sector; From: Handbook of Research on Managerial Thinking in Global Business Economics
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Chapter 13
Promoting Education for Sustainable Development Using Blended Learning and Digital Tools: Two University Courses, One Case Study
A mindset, collaborative way of working that follows a structured, iterative process, provides a set of methods and leaves room for co-creative problem solving.
Published in Chapter: Promoting Education for Sustainable Development Using Blended Learning and Digital Tools: Two University Courses, One Case Study; From: Digitalization, New Media, and Education for Sustainable Development
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Chapter 7
Challenges of Design Thinking in the Innovation of Individuals and Organizations
It is a method of stimulating ideation and insight when approaching problems, related to future information acquisition, knowledge analysis and proposed solutions.
Published in Chapter: Challenges of Design Thinking in the Innovation of Individuals and Organizations; From: Handbook of Research on Digital-Based Assessment and Innovative Practices in Education
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Chapter 14
Which Are the Appropriate Skills Needed for the Entrepreneurial Success of Startups in the Era of Digitalization?
a human-centered approach that brings creativity and user-centeredness to organizations, as a new way of working. It is based on translating customers’ needs and desires into design criteria by providing the underpinning for an ideation stage.
Published in Chapter: Which Are the Appropriate Skills Needed for the Entrepreneurial Success of Startups in the Era of Digitalization?; From: Developing Entrepreneurial Competencies for Start-Ups and Small Business
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