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What is Reflection

Chapter 6
Handbook of Research on Transforming Teachers’ Online Pedagogical Reasoning for Engaging K-12 Students in Virtual Learning
An analysis of a teacher’s context in which they are teaching as related to providing instruction for a particular instructional goal.
Published in Chapter:
Using the Technology Integration Planning Cycle to Select Digital Tools for Virtual Instruction
Lindsay Woodward (Drake University, USA) and Beth Beschorner (Minnesota State University, Mankato, USA)
Copyright: © 2021 |Pages: 17
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-7222-1.ch006
Abstract
This chapter explores the use of the Technology Integration Planning Cycle (TIPC) for supporting teachers' decision-making as they plan virtual instruction. The TIPC is designed to support teachers in evaluating the possible contributions of digital tools to instruction that facilitates meeting specific learning goals. The use of the TIPC to support pre-service teachers, in-service teachers, and in professional development settings is discussed. Then, examples of a teacher using the TIPC as she plans virtual reading and writing instruction illustrate the potential of the TIPC to support effective virtual instruction. Finally, issues of access, equity, and safety related to use the TIPC are discussed.
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Chapter 13
Learning Together: Confucius and Freire Collaborate to Redefine a Community of Learning
A deep internal thought process in which one considers implications and logic of theory, situation, and context of an issue in relation to one’s own experience and context. It may be iterated.
Published in Chapter: Learning Together: Confucius and Freire Collaborate to Redefine a Community of Learning; From: Enriching Collaboration and Communication in Online Learning Communities
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Chapter 8
A Design Thinking Odyssey: Measuring and Documenting Graduate Learning Outcomes in the Co-Curricular Space
A systematic enquiry to make sense of an experience in order to improve and deepen one’s understanding.
Published in Chapter: A Design Thinking Odyssey: Measuring and Documenting Graduate Learning Outcomes in the Co-Curricular Space; From: Applying Design Thinking to the Measurement of Experiential Learning
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Chapter 22
Artificial Intelligence and Rubble-Mound Breakwater Stability
The process by which the energy of the incoming waves is returned seaward.
Published in Chapter: Artificial Intelligence and Rubble-Mound Breakwater Stability; From: Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence
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Chapter 10
PedsAcademy®: Using an Alternative Clinical Model to Foster Teacher Candidate Development and Identity
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Chapter 2
Driving Agentic Empowerment With Metatheory: Global Transformation or Global Tokenism in Higher Education?
The process of contemplation or serious thought, pertaining to events that have previously happened, which can then potentially inform processes of reflexivity.
Published in Chapter: Driving Agentic Empowerment With Metatheory: Global Transformation or Global Tokenism in Higher Education?; From: Handbook of Research on Solutions for Equity and Social Justice in Education
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Chapter 36
Glad to Have Taken the STEPS: Aspects that Contribute to Success in an Online Learning and Teaching Environment
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Chapter 2
Preparing and Training Higher Education Faculty to Ensure Quality Online Learning and Teaching
The segment of the lesson planning cycle in which an instructor thinks deeply and purposefully about his or her teaching performance, the achievement of students, and the larger context of a lesson.
Published in Chapter: Preparing and Training Higher Education Faculty to Ensure Quality Online Learning and Teaching; From: Ensuring Quality and Integrity in Online Learning Programs
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Chapter 8
From Reflective Practice to Critical Thinking: The Reflective Practitioner in Higher Education
A term used for thinking about experience. Reflection can be directed toward past experience, present experience, or anticipating towards the future.
Published in Chapter: From Reflective Practice to Critical Thinking: The Reflective Practitioner in Higher Education; From: Handbook of Research on Operational Quality Assurance in Higher Education for Life-Long Learning
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Chapter 9
Role of Mentorship and Reflection in Leading Learning Through Making: A Pilot Project
A "process of internally examining and exploring an issue of concern, triggered by an experience, which creates and clarifies meaning in terms of self and which results in a changed conceptual perspective" (Boyd & Fales, 1983, p.100)
Published in Chapter: Role of Mentorship and Reflection in Leading Learning Through Making: A Pilot Project; From: Handbook of Research on Equity in Computer Science in P-16 Education
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Chapter 11
Critical Ethnography in a Language Classroom: Learning to Become an Equitable Practitioner
A process of systematically examining one's own and others’ teaching practices and other relevant experiences.
Published in Chapter: Critical Ethnography in a Language Classroom: Learning to Become an Equitable Practitioner; From: TESOL Guide for Critical Praxis in Teaching, Inquiry, and Advocacy
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Chapter 6
The Experience of Learning in an Alternative Certification Program
The ability, time and space to think and process one’s thoughts and experiences.
Published in Chapter: The Experience of Learning in an Alternative Certification Program; From: Handbook of Research on Educator Preparation and Professional Learning
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Chapter 7
Transition From the Perspectives of Kurahashi and Tsumori: Children's Inner World and Mutual Transformation
A professional attitude proposed by Donald Alan Schön that states that the practitioner changes their framework in dialog with the actual situation they deal with. Makoto Tsumori also emphasized that through reflection, ECCE practitioners change their frame of mind to understand children and the relationships that entail moving experiences of mutual growth.
Published in Chapter: Transition From the Perspectives of Kurahashi and Tsumori: Children's Inner World and Mutual Transformation; From: Handbook of Research on Innovative Approaches to Early Childhood Development and School Readiness
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Chapter 235
Wave Reflection at Submerged Breakwaters
The process by which the energy of the incoming waves is returned seaward.
Published in Chapter: Wave Reflection at Submerged Breakwaters; From: Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence
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Chapter 6
Reflection and SoTL: Putting Reflection (Back) on Faculty Radar
Relating a concept to personal experience and applying it in practical situations.
Published in Chapter: Reflection and SoTL: Putting Reflection (Back) on Faculty Radar; From: Evidence-Based Faculty Development Through the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL)
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Chapter 11
The Past and Present of Service Learning in Biology Education
Expressing thoughts about the service experience in various ways.
Published in Chapter: The Past and Present of Service Learning in Biology Education; From: Applications of Service Learning in Higher Education
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Chapter 21
ePortfolios as a Tool for Integrative Learning: Building Classroom Practices that Work
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Chapter 4
Using a SoTL Framework and Disciplinary Context to Sketch Teaching and Learning Research: Preliminary Work for a Grant Application
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Chapter 2
Responding to Critical Feedback by Challenging Pessimistic Attributions: A Cognitive Tool for the Dissertation Journey
Using a deliberate process of reflection, individuals can think back on their actions and the events they experience in order to learn from them and to construct new action in the future.
Published in Chapter: Responding to Critical Feedback by Challenging Pessimistic Attributions: A Cognitive Tool for the Dissertation Journey; From: Creating a Framework for Dissertation Preparation: Emerging Research and Opportunities
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Chapter 138
Programming Body Sensor Networks
A concept related to software: programming languages, operating systems, middleware, and Graphical User Interface (GUI). A reflexive system offers mechanisms that allow its data structures to be inspected and/or modified during execution (at run-time). For this, the system must keep its selfrepresentation that is commonly organized as metadata. In nonreflexive systems, the metadata usually are lost or discarded during compilation, typically when the low-level codes (assembly language) are generated.
Published in Chapter: Programming Body Sensor Networks; From: Encyclopedia of Healthcare Information Systems
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Chapter 5
Video as a Tool for Guided Reflection in Literacy Specialist Preparation
The act of deeply thinking about practice in order to shift understanding.
Published in Chapter: Video as a Tool for Guided Reflection in Literacy Specialist Preparation; From: Effective Practices in Online Teacher Preparation for Literacy Educators
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Chapter 23
Internet Technologies and Language Teacher Education
The act of critical consideration on experience, in order to grow.
Published in Chapter: Internet Technologies and Language Teacher Education; From: Handbook of Research on Web 2.0 and Second Language Learning
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Chapter 9
Using Digital Storytelling as a Tool for Reflection in the Libyan EFL Literature Classroom
Is a form of cognitive processing for a purposeful outcome. It is applied to gain an understanding of complicated ideas which is largely based on the processing of knowledge, understanding, and of emotions which we already have.
Published in Chapter: Using Digital Storytelling as a Tool for Reflection in the Libyan EFL Literature Classroom; From: English as a Foreign Language in a New-Found Post-Pandemic World
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Chapter 5
The Value of Metacognition and Reflectivity in Computer-Based Learning Environments
Examination of one’s ideas or experiences and their impact on practices and applications.
Published in Chapter: The Value of Metacognition and Reflectivity in Computer-Based Learning Environments; From: Handbook of Research on Technology Tools for Real-World Skill Development
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Chapter 19
Analyzing the Goal-Finding Process of Human Learning With the Reflection Subtask
Those intellectual and affective activities in which individuals engage to explore their experiences in order to lead to new understandings and appreciations.
Published in Chapter: Analyzing the Goal-Finding Process of Human Learning With the Reflection Subtask; From: Handbook of Research on Biomimetics and Biomedical Robotics
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Chapter 4
Instructional Design at the Front Line: A Reflection on Epistemology and Meaning Making
The process of contemplation or serious thought, pertaining to events that have previously happened, which can then potentially inform processes of reflexivity.
Published in Chapter: Instructional Design at the Front Line: A Reflection on Epistemology and Meaning Making; From: Inquiries of Pedagogical Shifts and Critical Mindsets Among Educators
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Chapter 10
The 5M Approach: Layers of Reflection
The process of looking back on experiences and internally processing thoughts, feelings and reactions to the experience.
Published in Chapter: The 5M Approach: Layers of Reflection; From: Developing an Intercultural Responsive Leadership Style for Faculty and Administrators
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Chapter 7
Metacognition and Critical Thinking: Assessment Methods
A thought activity or sensorially lived process by the participant of education realizing his or her activities formation.
Published in Chapter: Metacognition and Critical Thinking: Assessment Methods; From: Assessment, Testing, and Measurement Strategies in Global Higher Education
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Chapter 10
E-Portfolios: Deepening Student Engagement in Learning
The act of reviewing one's own actions, work, decisions, positions, or perspective in order to gain more insight of one's self.
Published in Chapter: E-Portfolios: Deepening Student Engagement in Learning; From: Handbook of Research on Fostering Student Engagement With Instructional Technology in Higher Education
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Chapter 3
Toxic Femininity in Higher Education: Academia's Sting in the Tail – The Queen Bee
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Chapter 6
The Dispositions of Diversity: Practical Methods for Instructional Practice
Reflection in education is the thoughtful process of reviewing what has occurred in the classroom with an eye toward improving learning. Reflection requires recording events and emotions and contextualizing these in terms of the classroom, the students, the school, the teacher, and the culture(s).
Published in Chapter: The Dispositions of Diversity: Practical Methods for Instructional Practice; From: Dispositional Development and Assessment in Teacher Preparation Programs
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Chapter 24
Engaging Google Docs to Support Collaboration and Reflection in Online Teacher Education
The process of stepping back from an experience to ponder, carefully, and persistently, its meaning to the self through the development of inferences; learning is the creation of meaning from past or current events that serves as a guide for future behavior ( Knipfer et al., 2013 , p. 33).
Published in Chapter: Engaging Google Docs to Support Collaboration and Reflection in Online Teacher Education; From: Handbook of Research on Teacher Education in the Digital Age
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Chapter 12
Driving Insights via Processes of Socioemotional Being and Becoming
A process of serious contemplative thinking or active or consideration of past events.
Published in Chapter: Driving Insights via Processes of Socioemotional Being and Becoming; From: Effective Strategies for Communicating Insights in Business
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Chapter 326
Use of Cognitive Apprenticeship Framework in Online Learning
Reflection on performance provides the learners with an opportunity to reflect on what they have done and analyze their performance.
Published in Chapter: Use of Cognitive Apprenticeship Framework in Online Learning; From: Encyclopedia of Distance Learning, Second Edition
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Chapter 6
The Power of Praxis: Critical Thinking and Reflection in Teacher Development
To be a reflective teacher means to question the goals and values that guide one’s teaching, the institutional and cultural contexts in which he or she teaches and examining the assumptions one brings to the classroom relative to one’s students’ cultures and lived experiences (Zeichner & Liston, 1996 AU25: The in-text citation "Zeichner & Liston, 1996" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ).
Published in Chapter: The Power of Praxis: Critical Thinking and Reflection in Teacher Development; From: Handbook of Research on Critical Thinking and Teacher Education Pedagogy
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Chapter 23
Digital Storytelling
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Chapter 7
Metacognitive Knowledge and Self-Regulation of In-Service Teachers in an Online Learning Environment
Conscious thinking about actions, thoughts, experiences, performance, and emotions.
Published in Chapter: Metacognitive Knowledge and Self-Regulation of In-Service Teachers in an Online Learning Environment; From: Supporting Self-Regulated Learning and Student Success in Online Courses
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Chapter 14
The Role of Evaluation in Service Learning in Economics and Business: Systematic Review and Proposal of Evaluation
It refers to the general concept of reflection. It is a mechanism that allows to deepen the lived experience.
Published in Chapter: The Role of Evaluation in Service Learning in Economics and Business: Systematic Review and Proposal of Evaluation; From: Interdisciplinary and Practical Approaches to Managerial Education and Training
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Chapter 130
Navigation at the Internet Front Line
Perception of reality as it is.
Published in Chapter: Navigation at the Internet Front Line; From: Encyclopedia of Networked and Virtual Organizations
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Chapter 31
Reflections of Orientalism and Modernism in the Film Hamam by Ferzan Özpetek
A thought or writing about something, particular in the past, or what one sees when looking into a mirror or body of water. An example of reflection is an article written by an author discussing how he feels he has grown in the past year in his writing style.
Published in Chapter: Reflections of Orientalism and Modernism in the Film Hamam by Ferzan Özpetek; From: Handbook of Research on Contemporary Approaches to Orientalism in Media and Beyond
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Chapter 14
Indigenous Livestreaming in Brazil: A Methodological Case for Reflective Distant Witnessing
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Chapter 2
A Methodological Consideration and Methodological Design Suitable to Examine Teenage Pregnancy
A qualitative method that occurs throughout the phenomenological approach. The objective of reflection is to provide a systematic, clean, and coherent sense of development of the analysis and synthesis needed to interpret the lived experience.
Published in Chapter: A Methodological Consideration and Methodological Design Suitable to Examine Teenage Pregnancy; From: Socio-Cultural Influences on Teenage Pregnancy and Contemporary Prevention Measures
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Chapter 45
Accreditation Experience of the Designated Subject Credential (DSC) Program at California State University, Long Beach
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Chapter 39
Discussion Groups
Reflection is thinking for an extended period by linking recent experiences to earlier ones in order to promote a more complex and interrelated mental schema. The thinking involves looking for • Commonalities, • Differences, • Interrelations beyond their superficial elements.The goal is to develop higher order thinking skills.Many educators consider Dewey (1933) the modern day originator of the concept of reflection, although he drew on the ideas of earlier educators, such as Aristotle Plato, and Confucius. He thought of reflection as a form of problem solving that chained several ideas together by linking each idea with its predecessor in order to resolve an issue.
Published in Chapter: Discussion Groups; From: Encyclopedia of Information Technology Curriculum Integration
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Chapter 19
Building Online Training Programs for Virtual Workplaces
An online training principle regarding the potential of training to be a thoughtful and iterative process during which trainees’ assumptions about their work product and processes are identified, challenged, and potentially refined. More complex than merely “thinking about” one’s practice, “reflection” means that programs can account for how and when trainees consider their practices and then use such accountings to improve both employee practice and training program goals.
Published in Chapter: Building Online Training Programs for Virtual Workplaces; From: Handbook of Research on Virtual Workplaces and the New Nature of Business Practices
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Chapter 2
The Didactic in Initial Literacy: Between the Perception and Representation
It is the thought or consideration of something with attention and detail to study it or understand it well.
Published in Chapter: The Didactic in Initial Literacy: Between the Perception and Representation; From: Handbook of Research on Socio-Cultural and Linguistic Perspectives on Language and Literacy Development
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Chapter 16
Reflective E-Learning Pedagogy
Dewey (1933, p.7) identified reflection as one of the modes of thought: “active, persistent, and careful consideration of any belief or supposed form of knowledge in light of the grounds that support it and the future conclusions to which it tends”
Published in Chapter: Reflective E-Learning Pedagogy; From: Handbook of Research on Digital Information Technologies: Innovations, Methods, and Ethical Issues
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Chapter 17
International Service-Learning: Study Abroad and Global Citizenship Development in a Post-Disaster Locale
An active and deliberative cognitive process involving sequences of interconnected ideas and which takes into consideration underlying beliefs and knowledge in framing and solving a problem.
Published in Chapter: International Service-Learning: Study Abroad and Global Citizenship Development in a Post-Disaster Locale; From: Handbook of Research on Study Abroad Programs and Outbound Mobility
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Chapter 53
Three Theoretical Perspectives on Informal Learning at Work
Reflection, or looking back on one’s thoughts, feelings, and actions, transforms experience into knowledge. The knowledge then can be applied in new contexts.
Published in Chapter: Three Theoretical Perspectives on Informal Learning at Work; From: Handbook of Research on E-Learning Applications for Career and Technical Education: Technologies for Vocational Training
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Chapter 17
Blogs as a Social Networking Tool to Build Community
Reflection is complex and rigorous, taking the practitioner through the process of linking theory with practice and practice with theory.
Published in Chapter: Blogs as a Social Networking Tool to Build Community; From: Handbook of Research on Social Software and Developing Community Ontologies
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Chapter 6
Teaching and Technology: Issues, Caution and Concerns
The process or mode of reviewing by playing back mentally and questioning what has happened to support self-analysis and examination of the lived experiences.
Published in Chapter: Teaching and Technology: Issues, Caution and Concerns; From: Handbook of Research on New Media Literacy at the K-12 Level: Issues and Challenges
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Chapter 30
Redefining the Higher Education Landscape through Problem-Based Learning
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Chapter 14
Irresponsible/Unmindful Parenting: An Empire for the Media
The ability to look back on action and connect it with our own behaviors.
Published in Chapter: Irresponsible/Unmindful Parenting: An Empire for the Media; From: Implicit Pedagogy for Optimized Learning in Contemporary Education
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Chapter 16
Supporting Student Blogging in Higher Education
It is the re-examination and re-interpretation of one’s experiences. It is introspective contemplation of the contents or qualities of one’s own thoughts or experiences. Experience on its own does not guarantee learning. It is the product of reflecting on that experience that helps to acquire deeper insights.
Published in Chapter: Supporting Student Blogging in Higher Education; From: Handbook of Research on Social Software and Developing Community Ontologies
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Chapter 23
The Making of Adult Learners through Project-Based Learning
It means that a learner try to think about one’s own strength and weakness after doing a task and then make suggestions for future improvement.
Published in Chapter: The Making of Adult Learners through Project-Based Learning; From: Handbook of Research on Teaching and Learning in K-20 Education
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Chapter 2
Characteristic and Agentic Qualities of Women Leaders Amidst Global Crises: Lessons for Higher Education
A process of critical thinking or contemplation on a particular area for serious thought or consideration.
Published in Chapter: Characteristic and Agentic Qualities of Women Leaders Amidst Global Crises: Lessons for Higher Education; From: Women and Leadership in Higher Education During Global Crises
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Chapter 6
Management Education for Developing Spiritual Integrity
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Chapter 205
A Student Teacher Collaborative Community
An activity in which individuals are engaged in examining their experiences in order to lead to a new understanding and appreciation.
Published in Chapter: A Student Teacher Collaborative Community; From: Encyclopedia of Networked and Virtual Organizations
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Chapter 11
eCoaching to Support Internship and Induction
Reviewing video, documents, student performance, and other materials to identify areas of strength and need in instruction.
Published in Chapter: eCoaching to Support Internship and Induction; From: Handbook of Research on the Educator Continuum and Development of Teachers
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Chapter 13
Co-Teaching to Develop Reform-Based Practices in Mathematics: Classrooms as Shared Spaces for Teacher Learning
Examining and making sense of teaching events for the purpose of informing future teaching practice.
Published in Chapter: Co-Teaching to Develop Reform-Based Practices in Mathematics: Classrooms as Shared Spaces for Teacher Learning; From: Global Perspectives and Practices for Reform-Based Mathematics Teaching
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Chapter 13
Global Pull of Community Engagement: Urban Students Growing Into Youth Ambassadors
Thinking about one’s experiences, often making connections to one’s life or prior experiences.
Published in Chapter: Global Pull of Community Engagement: Urban Students Growing Into Youth Ambassadors; From: Preparing Students for Community-Engaged Scholarship in Higher Education
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Chapter 8
Surviving the Hive in Global Crisis?: The Queen Bee Phenomenon in Higher Education
A process of identifying, questioning, and assessing our deeply held assumptions.
Published in Chapter: Surviving the Hive in Global Crisis?: The Queen Bee Phenomenon in Higher Education; From: Addressing the Queen Bee Syndrome in Academia
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Chapter 7
An Expanded Framework for Facilitating Learner Autonomy and Enhancing Intrinsic Motivation Through Specifically-Designed Online Tasks: Technology-Enhanced Language Learning
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Chapter 7
Instructional Technologies of the XXI Century: Theoretical Approach
A weak interaction between an object and the external world that does not change the principal properties of the object.
Published in Chapter: Instructional Technologies of the XXI Century: Theoretical Approach; From: Handbook of Research on Applied Learning Theory and Design in Modern Education
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Chapter 9
CMC and E-Mentoring in Midwifery
Thinking about an event or action in order to gain insight and make changes to practice if required
Published in Chapter: CMC and E-Mentoring in Midwifery; From: Handbook of Research on Computer Mediated Communication
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Chapter 16
Supporting the Spiritual Experience in Online Faith-Based Education
The act of engaging in examination of one’s inner thoughts, feelings, and motivations.
Published in Chapter: Supporting the Spiritual Experience in Online Faith-Based Education; From: Handbook of Research on Creating Meaningful Experiences in Online Courses
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Chapter 24
Fostering the Disposition to Serve: The Value of First Year Service-Learning Experiences for Pre-Service Teachers
Inward thought process that engages, pushes, challenges, and empowers teacher candidates to think critically about their experiences in order to create understanding by connecting prior knowledge and course content to current experiences in ways that clarifies critical idea and deepens understanding.
Published in Chapter: Fostering the Disposition to Serve: The Value of First Year Service-Learning Experiences for Pre-Service Teachers; From: Handbook of Research on Service-Learning Initiatives in Teacher Education Programs
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Chapter 6
Using Video-Enhanced Performance Feedback for Student and Instructor Reflection and Evaluation
Utilizing evidence to support the intentional and critical thinking about one’s knowledge, beliefs, or practice.
Published in Chapter: Using Video-Enhanced Performance Feedback for Student and Instructor Reflection and Evaluation; From: Handbook of Research on Fostering Student Engagement With Instructional Technology in Higher Education
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Chapter 14
Scaffolding Problem-Solving and Inquiry: From Instructional Design to a “Bridge Model”
the process of constructing, evaluating, and articulating what has been learned; meta-cognitive skills such as monitoring and control, self-assessment and self-regulation.
Published in Chapter: Scaffolding Problem-Solving and Inquiry: From Instructional Design to a “Bridge Model”; From: Handbook of Research on New Media Literacy at the K-12 Level: Issues and Challenges
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Chapter 178
Reflective Ba and Refractive Ma in Cross-Cultural Learning
Contemplating and articulating otherwise tacit past experience and future purpose for present practice that is perceived within a context shaping and shaped by the individual or collective actions.
Published in Chapter: Reflective Ba and Refractive Ma in Cross-Cultural Learning; From: Encyclopedia of Networked and Virtual Organizations
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Chapter 6
Shifting Preservice Teachers' Sources of Mathematics Teaching Efficacy Through Scaffolded Reflection: Fostering Commitment to Reform-Based Mathematics
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Chapter 10
Change Process
Intentional consideration
Published in Chapter: Change Process; From: Encyclopedia of E-Leadership, Counseling and Training
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Chapter 12
Using Reflection With Young Learners: Value-Based English Language Teaching
Active, persistent, and careful consideration of any belief or supposed form of knowledge in the light of the grounds that support it and the further conclusions to which it tends ( Dewey 1933 , p.9).
Published in Chapter: Using Reflection With Young Learners: Value-Based English Language Teaching; From: Global Perspectives on Value Education in Primary School
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Chapter 39
Enhancing Electronic Learning for Generation Y Games Geeks
A skill within each individual. Thoughts are considered and reflected upon before further investigation.
Published in Chapter: Enhancing Electronic Learning for Generation Y Games Geeks; From: Encyclopedia of E-Collaboration
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Chapter 25
Usability and Affordances for Teaching and Learning in Second Life
Reflection in is a professional skill that relates to learning and critical self evaluation. Donald Schön's first developed the idea of reflective practice in order to assist professionals in developing professional excellence. Originally the concept was applied to teacher education but more recently its use has been extended to other professions, including Computer Science.
Published in Chapter: Usability and Affordances for Teaching and Learning in Second Life; From: Handbook of Research on Practices and Outcomes in Virtual Worlds and Environments
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Chapter 15
Developing Critical Thinking in Doctoral Students: Issues and Solutions
The action of thinking and analysing one’s actions in order to learn for the future.
Published in Chapter: Developing Critical Thinking in Doctoral Students: Issues and Solutions; From: Handbook of Research on Advancing Critical Thinking in Higher Education
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Chapter 12
Enhancing Cultural and Linguistic Awareness Through an International Teaching Experience
The act of looking back at one’s words, actions, and beliefs to consider ways to make improvement to one’s self.
Published in Chapter: Enhancing Cultural and Linguistic Awareness Through an International Teaching Experience; From: Handbook of Research on Field-Based Teacher Education
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Chapter 38
Community Service Learning: Preparing Female Students in the United Arab Emirates for the Workplace
The process of looking back on the implications of actions taken - good and bad - determining what has been gained, lost, or achieved, and connecting these conclusions to future actions and larger societal contexts. Through this process there is examination and interpretation which promotes cognitive learning.
Published in Chapter: Community Service Learning: Preparing Female Students in the United Arab Emirates for the Workplace; From: Encyclopedia of Information Communication Technologies and Adult Education Integration
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Chapter 39
Individual E-Portfolios: Can a Classic Tool for Teachers and Students be Merged with Web 2.0 Tools for Reflective Learning?
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Chapter 3
Using Action Research to Promote Meaningful E-Service-Learning Experience for Preservice Teachers
A key component of service-learning; the intentional consideration of an experience in light of particular learning objectives.
Published in Chapter: Using Action Research to Promote Meaningful E-Service-Learning Experience for Preservice Teachers; From: Handbook of Research on the Global Empowerment of Educators and Student Learning Through Action Research
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Chapter 13
Using Written Responses to Reflection Questions to Improve Online Student Retention: A Text Analysis Approach
A process which involves constructing meaning by linking current experience to previous learning, and by applying what one has learned to contexts beyond the original situation.
Published in Chapter: Using Written Responses to Reflection Questions to Improve Online Student Retention: A Text Analysis Approach; From: Supporting Self-Regulated Learning and Student Success in Online Courses
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Chapter 7
A Critical Analysis of Multi-Logical Synergies
A skill in systematically and deliberately seeking meaning from experiences, often of a critical nature, to inform values, assumptions, beliefs and behaviours which can potentially lead to a change in practice and being.
Published in Chapter: A Critical Analysis of Multi-Logical Synergies; From: Applications of Work Integrated Learning Among Gen Z and Y Students
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Chapter 4
Use of a Metacognitive Tool to Facilitate Teacher Reflection in an Online Graduate Literacy Course
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Chapter 20
Engaging Teachers in Science Practices and Discourse Through Online Professional Development
The process of examining one’s thoughts in relation to new observations, experiences, and information, and considering how this may shape and influence one’s beliefs.
Published in Chapter: Engaging Teachers in Science Practices and Discourse Through Online Professional Development; From: Handbook of Research on Emerging Practices and Methods for K-12 Online and Blended Learning
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Chapter 3
Action Research and Teacher Portfolio as Two Strong Teacher-Led Professional Development Designs
A process where teachers think over their implementations, revisit their strategies and methods, and think how they might be improved or change their practices for better learning outcomes.
Published in Chapter: Action Research and Teacher Portfolio as Two Strong Teacher-Led Professional Development Designs; From: Overcoming Current Challenges in the P-12 Teaching Profession
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Chapter 43
Developing Videogames for Physics Education
A way of processing experience and events in order to learn from it and improve future action.
Published in Chapter: Developing Videogames for Physics Education; From: Handbook of Research on Improving Learning and Motivation through Educational Games: Multidisciplinary Approaches
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Chapter 25
Philosophy of Architecture Design in Web Information Systems
Dynamic instantiation of class instances for loose-coupling flexibility
Published in Chapter: Philosophy of Architecture Design in Web Information Systems; From: Handbook of Research on Web Information Systems Quality
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Chapter 8
Creating Sustainable Communities: Adult and Leadership Theories and Principles in Practice
Part of the experiential learning cycle and Mezirow’s (1990 AU52: The in-text citation "Mezirow’s (1990" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. , 1991, 2000) transformational identity stage where a person deliberately ponders their learning experience(s).
Published in Chapter: Creating Sustainable Communities: Adult and Leadership Theories and Principles in Practice; From: Encyclopedia of Strategic Leadership and Management
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Chapter 8
Promoting Training Transfer for Quality Telehealth Provision
Thinking about an action or experience in a structured manner and learning from it.
Published in Chapter: Promoting Training Transfer for Quality Telehealth Provision; From: Encyclopedia of E-Health and Telemedicine
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Chapter 1
Organizing Learning Processes of Co-Production: A Theoretical View
Transformational process that brings into attention basic assumptions, habits, and worldviews in ways that paves the way for change of thinking, acting and interacting in relations between people.
Published in Chapter: Organizing Learning Processes of Co-Production: A Theoretical View; From: Processual Perspectives on the Co-Production Turn in Public Sector Organizations
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Chapter 107
Learning Reflection and Creativity in Online Game Communities
Individual or collaborative elaboration and articulation of ideas, information, knowledge, and feelings for a practical, esthetic, or social purpose, with both expected and unexpected outcomes.
Published in Chapter: Learning Reflection and Creativity in Online Game Communities; From: Encyclopedia of Networked and Virtual Organizations
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Chapter 20
Beyond Borders: International Social Work Field Education
A consideration or analysis of a topic or experience that has an academic basis, but is also personal in nature. This is a common pedagogical method for courses on study abroad programs that examine cross-cultural issues. Through reflection, participants are asked to examine a particular cultural issue or practice in the host country and analyse it through their personal lens. Generally, reflection is done through a journal or other piece of writing (also called reflective writing).
Published in Chapter: Beyond Borders: International Social Work Field Education; From: Handbook of Research on Study Abroad Programs and Outbound Mobility
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Chapter 20
Integration of Communication in a Game to Reflect and Discuss Dietary Habits among School Aged Children
As the Johari window says, one does not know oneself well. However, one can learn more about oneself through reflection. It is not effective to reflect in a vague way. Reflecting based on a focused theme and with help from others is effective.
Published in Chapter: Integration of Communication in a Game to Reflect and Discuss Dietary Habits among School Aged Children; From: Handbook of Research on Holistic Perspectives in Gamification for Clinical Practice
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Chapter 7
Enriching Teacher Motivation by Improving Teacher Education: Inclusive and Reflective Training
A serious and careful consideration of one’s actions and feelings with the aim of enriching them.
Published in Chapter: Enriching Teacher Motivation by Improving Teacher Education: Inclusive and Reflective Training; From: Teaching Practices and Equitable Learning in Children's Language Education
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Chapter 9
An Introduction to Reflective Petri Nets
Activity performed by an agent when doing computations about itself.
Published in Chapter: An Introduction to Reflective Petri Nets; From: Handbook of Research on Discrete Event Simulation Environments: Technologies and Applications
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Chapter 14
Engaging Teachers in a Digital Learner-Centered Approach to Support Understanding Foundational Literacy
A personal analysis of one’s own experiences and consideration of current context as related to a particular concept or literacy practice.
Published in Chapter: Engaging Teachers in a Digital Learner-Centered Approach to Support Understanding Foundational Literacy; From: Effective Practices in Online Teacher Preparation for Literacy Educators
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Chapter 56
Blogs as a Social Networking Tool to Build Community
Reflection is complex and rigorous, taking the practitioner through the process of linking theory with practice and practice with theory.
Published in Chapter: Blogs as a Social Networking Tool to Build Community; From: Handbook of Research on Social Interaction Technologies and Collaboration Software: Concepts and Trends
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Chapter 4
Infusing Culturally Relevant Teaching in Teacher Education Curriculum at an Urban HBCU
Brief writings that address what preservice teachers have learned through readings, course assignments, observations, and interactions with students and teachers in the K12 classroom.
Published in Chapter: Infusing Culturally Relevant Teaching in Teacher Education Curriculum at an Urban HBCU; From: Teaching Humanities With Cultural Responsiveness at HBCUs and HSIs
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Chapter 4
Humanistic Mentoring in Graduate Education: An Urgent Innovation in Uncertain Times
A very significant characteristic for the dialogue whose benefits, when fostered among students, extend beyond their formal studies to their professional life.
Published in Chapter: Humanistic Mentoring in Graduate Education: An Urgent Innovation in Uncertain Times; From: Cases on Global Innovative Practices for Reforming Education
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Chapter 11
Support for Students With Disabilities at Japanese Institutions of Higher Education
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Chapter 41
Cognitive Apprenticeship and Writing in Distance and Online Learning
(in cognitive apprenticeship) a process of reviewing one’s past performance for self-analysis and self-assessment.
Published in Chapter: Cognitive Apprenticeship and Writing in Distance and Online Learning; From: Encyclopedia of Distance Learning, Second Edition
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Chapter 4
Beyond Clinical Experience and Research: How Other Activities Create Well-Rounded Students
The process of critically thinking about what one has done or achieved and how one’s experiences fit into the broader context of one’s values and goals.
Published in Chapter: Beyond Clinical Experience and Research: How Other Activities Create Well-Rounded Students; From: Handbook of Research on Developing Competencies for Pre-Health Professional Students, Advisors, and Programs
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Chapter 50
Using Technologies to Integrate Vocational Learning in Multiple Contexts
An essential process to facilitate learning. It can be applied both to individuals’ own and to peers’ experiences, respectively enabling individuals to make explicit their own knowledge and understanding of a specific situation and its components and to assume other points of view on their practice through confrontation and sharing. In our examples, learning scenarios are aimed at fostering reflection on professional experiences in both directions. The guiding role of educators (teachers, supervisors, instructors, etc.) is still central in this process. Prompts are often used in this sense to scaffold reflection.
Published in Chapter: Using Technologies to Integrate Vocational Learning in Multiple Contexts; From: Handbook of Research on Education and Technology in a Changing Society
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Chapter 6
Developing Global Mindset Through Experiential Learning in Global Virtual Teams
Developing an understanding through serious thought or consideration of an activity.
Published in Chapter: Developing Global Mindset Through Experiential Learning in Global Virtual Teams; From: Developments in Virtual Learning Environments and the Global Workplace
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Chapter 3
Change and Innovation as Viewed by Teachers From Different Generations: Similarity and Diversity
Teachers’ views and perceptions on the changing or dynamic nature of teaching, which are reflected in the results of the study.
Published in Chapter: Change and Innovation as Viewed by Teachers From Different Generations: Similarity and Diversity; From: Perspectives on Empowering Intergenerational Relations in Educational Organizations
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Chapter 23
Reflective Cycles and Reflexive Learning Principles: Teaching Ethics from the Learner Outward1
Reflection is a process where one considers one’s actions and thoughts. It is a fancy term for focused thinking both about a topic and about one’s reactions to a topic or idea or event.
Published in Chapter: Reflective Cycles and Reflexive Learning Principles: Teaching Ethics from the Learner Outward1; From: Handbook of Research on Teaching Ethics in Business and Management Education
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Chapter 12
Eight Educational Considerations for Hybrid Learning
Providing opportunity and encouragement for students to review and evaluate their learning.
Published in Chapter: Eight Educational Considerations for Hybrid Learning; From: Handbook of Research on Hybrid Learning Models: Advanced Tools, Technologies, and Applications
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Chapter 5
COVID-19 Recovery in Schools and Self-Care for Teachers
The process of looking back at prior events, actions, or thoughts in an effort to make future improvements.
Published in Chapter: COVID-19 Recovery in Schools and Self-Care for Teachers; From: Self-Care and Stress Management for Academic Well-Being
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Chapter 3
Breakout of a Traditional Classroom Reality With Game-Based Learning Pedagogy
Learners applying questioning and discussion to an activity they have just experienced in order to make connections between the activity and course content or bigger picture ideas.
Published in Chapter: Breakout of a Traditional Classroom Reality With Game-Based Learning Pedagogy; From: Handbook of Research on Innovative Digital Practices to Engage Learners
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Chapter 1
Supporting the Development of Lifelong Learning Skills
A type of thinking that involves processing thoughts and feelings related to an event, idea, or experience.
Published in Chapter: Supporting the Development of Lifelong Learning Skills; From: Handbook of Research on Developing Competencies for Pre-Health Professional Students, Advisors, and Programs
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Chapter 1
Teaching for Diversity Online: A Teacher Educator's Perspective
A critical component of teacher learning, reflection is a way for teachers to take a step back, critically evaluate what they do in their classrooms and why, and what the impact of their practice is on the students. Reflection is a form of lifelong learning and can lead to significant improvement in practice.
Published in Chapter: Teaching for Diversity Online: A Teacher Educator's Perspective; From: Handbook of Research on Engaging Immigrant Families and Promoting Academic Success for English Language Learners
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Chapter 5
eService-Learning: Bridging Online Graduate Students' Sense of Belonging With Community Engagement
The student learner reflecting upon the Service-Learning/eService-Learning experience to build connections between academic content and the eService-Learning experience.
Published in Chapter: eService-Learning: Bridging Online Graduate Students' Sense of Belonging With Community Engagement; From: Disruptive and Emerging Technology Trends Across Education and the Workplace
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Chapter 7
Problem-Based Learning Classroom Models in Higher Education
Thinking about the PBL process one has recently experienced and placing thoughts, ideas, and opinions about the process on paper to share with other members of the group or the professor.
Published in Chapter: Problem-Based Learning Classroom Models in Higher Education; From: Guide to Integrating Problem-Based Learning Programs in Higher Education Classrooms: Design, Implementation, and Evaluation
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Chapter 132
Reflection as a Process From Theory to Practice
The practice of examining and analysing an experience to glean its cognitive essence in order to foster deep or life-long learning.
Published in Chapter: Reflection as a Process From Theory to Practice; From: Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition
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Chapter 2
Executive Function Coaching in Higher Education
A meaning-making process that moves a learner from one experience into the next with greater understanding of its relationships with and connections to other experiences and ideas.
Published in Chapter: Executive Function Coaching in Higher Education; From: Advancing Student Employability Through Higher Education
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Chapter 1
Artificial Intelligence in Aviation Industries: Methodologies, Education, Applications, and Opportunities
Is the ability of consciousness to focus on itself. The reflection of consciousness is manifested in intuitive thinking.
Published in Chapter: Artificial Intelligence in Aviation Industries: Methodologies, Education, Applications, and Opportunities; From: Handbook of Research on Artificial Intelligence Applications in the Aviation and Aerospace Industries
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Chapter 18
Nurturing Students' Entrepreneurial Mindset: A Design Thinking Approach
Reflection, in the context of learning and personal development, refers to the process of intentionally thinking about and analysing one's experiences, actions, thoughts, and emotions. It involves taking a step back to critically examine and make meaning of what has been learned or encountered. It is a valuable tool for personal and professional growth, enabling individuals to learn from their experiences, make meaning of their learning, and continuously improve their knowledge, skills, and attitudes.
Published in Chapter: Nurturing Students' Entrepreneurial Mindset: A Design Thinking Approach; From: Handbook of Research on Designing Sustainable Strategies to Develop Entrepreneurial Intention
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Chapter 9
Supporting Pre-Service Teachers' Understanding and Use of Mobile Devices
A special form of problems solving which involves thinking on practice so as to engage in the process of continuous learning.
Published in Chapter: Supporting Pre-Service Teachers' Understanding and Use of Mobile Devices; From: Handbook of Research on Mobile Technology, Constructivism, and Meaningful Learning
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Chapter 114
Promoting Cooperative Learning for Preservice Teachers Through Information Technology
An activity in which individuals are engaged in examining their experiences in order to lead to new understanding and appreciation.
Published in Chapter: Promoting Cooperative Learning for Preservice Teachers Through Information Technology; From: Encyclopedia of Information Technology Curriculum Integration
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Chapter 2
Blogging as Online Reflection During Student Teaching
The act of recapturing one’s experience, mulling it over and evaluating it in order to learn about one’s practice.
Published in Chapter: Blogging as Online Reflection During Student Teaching; From: Effective Practices in Online Teacher Preparation for Literacy Educators
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Chapter 386
Linking Individual Learning Plans to ePortfolios
The initial act of reviewing and thoughtfully considering previous actions, events, and contexts as a form of constructive inquiry and personal growth and development.
Published in Chapter: Linking Individual Learning Plans to ePortfolios; From: Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition
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Chapter 12
Bridging Theory and Practice: Reflective Learning in Higher Education
A term used for thinking about experience. Reflection can be directed toward past experience, present experience, or anticipating towards the future.
Published in Chapter: Bridging Theory and Practice: Reflective Learning in Higher Education; From: Handbook of Research on Quality Assurance and Value Management in Higher Education
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Chapter 11
Digital Storytelling as a Self-Regulated Learning Tool
Process whereby an individual evaluates their personal learning goals and outcomes.
Published in Chapter: Digital Storytelling as a Self-Regulated Learning Tool; From: Handbook of Research on Transmedia Storytelling and Narrative Strategies
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Chapter 132
An E-Portfolio Scheme of Flexible Online Learning
Related to teaching based on an assumption that students do not receive information from the teacher and slot it straight into an empty place in their knowledge base. Instead, learning involved activities related to specific experiences in which learners think about what they are learning, how new things being learned relate to their pre-existing knowledge, and how they are personally learning the new skills, knowledge, and /or attitudes.
Published in Chapter: An E-Portfolio Scheme of Flexible Online Learning; From: Encyclopedia of Distance Learning, Second Edition
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Chapter 19
Preparing Pre-Service STEM Teachers to Teach Using Digital Modeling and Simulation Applications
A process of thinking about one’s teaching and components of instruction that went well and parts that did not go well. This process allows one to think more deeply about factors that may improve future instruction and/or have a greater impact on student learning.
Published in Chapter: Preparing Pre-Service STEM Teachers to Teach Using Digital Modeling and Simulation Applications; From: Handbook of Research on TPACK in the Digital Age
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Chapter 38
Digital Storytelling in Teacher Education
Expressing thoughts, perceptions, and expressions of experiences, knowledge, and/or skills evidenced through encounters or events.
Published in Chapter: Digital Storytelling in Teacher Education; From: Encyclopedia of Information Technology Curriculum Integration
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Chapter 18
A Model for Knowledge and Innovation in Online Education
A process in which online participants (learners and instructors) and community members (former learners and experts in the field) observe and interpret the learning experience so that they can consistently adapt and improve the high quality instructional systems design.
Published in Chapter: A Model for Knowledge and Innovation in Online Education; From: Handbook of Research on Social Software and Developing Community Ontologies
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Chapter 9
CMC and E-Mentoring in Midwifery
Thinking about an event or action in order to gain insight and make changes to practice if required
Published in Chapter: CMC and E-Mentoring in Midwifery; From: Handbook of Research on Computer Mediated Communication
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Chapter 10
Reflective Practices That Scaffold Teacher Knowledge, Decision Making, and Literacy Leadership
Thoughtful consideration of teaching practices and lesson planning to impact instruction and student learning.
Published in Chapter: Reflective Practices That Scaffold Teacher Knowledge, Decision Making, and Literacy Leadership; From: Effective Practices in Online Teacher Preparation for Literacy Educators
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Chapter 10
Trying Out Reflective Petri Nets on a Dynamic Workflow Case
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Chapter 1
Do Student-Written Responses to Reflection Questions Predict Persistence and Performance in Online Courses?: A Text Analysis Approach
A process which involves constructing meaning by linking current experience to previous learning, and by applying what one has learned to contexts beyond the original situation.
Published in Chapter: Do Student-Written Responses to Reflection Questions Predict Persistence and Performance in Online Courses?: A Text Analysis Approach; From: Early Warning Systems and Targeted Interventions for Student Success in Online Courses
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Chapter 24
Capturing Tacit Knowledge within Business Simulation Games
Self-observation and reporting of conscious inner thoughts, desires and sensations.
Published in Chapter: Capturing Tacit Knowledge within Business Simulation Games; From: Handbook of Research on Serious Games as Educational, Business and Research Tools
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Chapter 8
Academic Service-Learning as a Pedagogical Tool and Strategy: Promoting Critical Thinking among Pre-Service Teachers
Reflection is the act of thinking about personal involvement in an event including what action will be taken in future similar situations.
Published in Chapter: Academic Service-Learning as a Pedagogical Tool and Strategy: Promoting Critical Thinking among Pre-Service Teachers; From: Handbook of Research on Advancing Critical Thinking in Higher Education
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