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What is Critical Thinking

Handbook of Research on Program Development and Assessment Methodologies in K-20 Education
The analysis and evaluation of an issue to form a judgment.
Published in Chapter:
Metacognitive Strategies and Student Evaluations in a STEM Field
Gina J. Mariano (Troy University, USA), Fred J. Figliano (Troy University, USA), Chelsea A. Dempsey (University of Pittsburgh, USA), and Reeves Johnson (Troy University, USA)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-3132-6.ch017
Abstract
This chapter reviews metacognition in relation to college settings while focusing on ways to use this information to help improve student learning outcomes. Metacognition in relation to critical thinking and student evaluations of their own learning is discussed, specifically focusing on the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) area of mathematics. Next, we will elaborate on a pilot study that focuses on asking students metacognitive questions to gain a better understanding of their metacognitive skills in relation to basic statistics courses. This chapter concludes with a discussion of how incorporating metacognitive and critical thinking strategies can impact student learning.
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Technology, Learning Styles, Values, and Work Ethics of Millennials
Critical thinking is a combination of skills including skepticism (questioning everything) evidence-based reasoning and not emotional response, self-awareness about assumptions and biases, and open-mindedness about alternative explanations.
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Essential Skills for the 21st Century Workforce
A process of purposeful, self-regulatory judgment that gives reasoned consideration to evidence, contexts, conceptualizations, methods and criteria.
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Enhancing the Learning and Application of Knowledge in University Students: An Escape Room Proposal
The ability to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information objectively, enabling individuals to make informed decisions and solve complex problems.
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Mapping Problems to Solutions: Logic Modeling in a Graduate Teacher Leadership Course
Reasoned and disciplined thought based on the synthesis of information in order to form a judgment.
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The Intersection of Academics and Career Readiness
The ability to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information, fostering informed decision-making and problem-solving skills in diverse situations.
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Group Leadership in Online Collaborative Learning
In academic contexts, this phrase usually refers to complex intellectual reasoning that questions assumptions and seeks to assess evidence and examine claims made by others. More simply, it can also refer to logical thinking based on facts and evidence.
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Moving Away From the “Chalk and Board”: Lessons From a Critical Pedagogical Standpoint
Is often perceived as an applied skill through which an individual can logically (or through well-reasoned skills), make sense of and analyze information, in the process of solving a given problem or making a decision.
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Driving Agentic Empowerment With Metatheory: Global Transformation or Global Tokenism in Higher Education?
Is the process of being able to objectively analyse and evaluate a specific subject area or issue.
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Human Computer Interaction and the Best Mix of Face-to-Face and E-Interactions inEducational Settings
Involves a mental process of analyzing or evaluating information in an attempt to attain higher level of understanding.person or learner is what has been learnt.
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Fostering Cultural Awareness for a Global Competence
Critical thinking refers to the ability to analyze information objectively and make a reasoned judgment. It involves the evaluation of sources, such as data, facts, observable phenomena, and research findings.
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Building Competence: A Historical Perspective of Competency-Based Education
A process of acquiring information, analyzing the information, producing a new thought or belief about the information, implementing the new thought, and then reflecting on the thought or process of learning.
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Using ICT to Establish and Facilitate Global Connections in K-12 Education
The mental process involved in studying, interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating information to reach a conclusion.
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Developing Pre-Service Teachers' STEM Skills With Raspberry Pi Activities
The intellectual rational process in which the objective analysis, conceptualizing and evaluation of an issue formulate a decision.
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Using Digital Resources to Support STEM Education
A cognitive process by which the learner analyzes, compares, and evaluates principles, rules, ideas, and concepts within a specified problem space and environment.
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Strategic Thinking
This is the type of thinking that involves breaking free from the pre-established systems, conventions, and truth systems, and that questions the information received to detect false or obsolete paradigms. Along with knowledge and technique, creative thinking is essential in order to break down the barriers of routine when defining objectives and plans.
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A Critical Thinking Rubric as the Basis of Assessment and Curriculum
The ability to identify, analyze and evaluate arguments in one’s own and others work and to develop well reasoned arguments
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An Embedded Approach to Equipping Pre-Service Teachers to Leverage Technology in Practice
Actively analyzing information gathered through observation, experience, or reflection.
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Texts, Critical Literacy, and Their Effect on Students' Insight of Gender Equality: A Qualitative Study in a Spanish HE Context
Thinking processes that involve examining existing data, evidence, observations, and arguments to make informed judgments through the use of logical, critical, and impartial analyses and assessments.
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How to Use Parody and Humour to Teach Digital Literacy
The ability to engage in reflective thinking. In digital media world, it is fundamental that someone can develop a refined sense of judgement towards the contents and tools available. Behaviours we adopt when using, for instance, social media should be a target of (self-) criticism.
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Ancient Thinking and Modern Challenges: Socratic Education in the 21st Century
The ability to acquire knowledge or understanding through a self-reflective process of thinking.
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Developing Critical Thinking and Reflection in Teachers Within Teacher Preparation
The highest level of reflective thinking that includes a technical understanding, practical application, and the ability to identify a personal contribution and bias towards a teaching practice.
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Disruptive Unicorn of Digital Innovations: A Challenge for University Professors
A type of transversal skill or competence in the decision-making process. Not every situation can be described in black and white…there is always a gray area where this competence is needed to observe, analyze, reflect, discern, and arrive to a solution of any problem with an open and flexible mind.
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Strengthening Performance of Civil Society Through Dialogue and Critical Thinking in Nigeria: Its Ethical Implications
Critical thinking is a normative concept which determines the quality of thinking in a given circumstances. It involves a set of intellectual tools to be well mobilized in the context of problem solving, decision making and in the context of interacting with others. This set of intellectual tools includes abilities to argue and analyze arguments, judge the credibility of a source information, make inferences (reaching conclusions based on sound evidence and reasons) and decide on an action, as well as dispositions which define critical spirit (that which motivates critical thinkers to use critical thinking abilities in their own thinking and in that of others). Additionally, thinking critically enables the person to consciously and deliberately seek and use knowledge and criteria that relates effectively to the issue or question under consideration. Critical thinking is the ability to consider a range of information derived from many different sources, to process this information in a creative and logical manner, challenging it, analysing it and arriving at considered conclusions which can be defended and justified. Its opposites are prejudice and the risk to judgement.
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Fake News?: Critical Thinking Through the Lens of Social Intuition Theory
The ability to analyze, assess, evaluate information from various sources, to make informed judgements and decisions.
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The Interteaching Approach: Enhancing Participation and Critical Thinking
Engagement in situational analysis, using evidence, logic, and thoughtful application of relevant elements.
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LGBTIQ+ Inclusive Education: A Path Towards Critical Thinking
High-order cognitive ability to detach from mainstream consensus to argue individually and ask questions beyond mere appearances.
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Teaching Critical Thinking Skills to Foster Social-Emotional Learning
The ability to think rationally and clearly; using one’s ability to reason and problem-solve.
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Teaching Critical Thinking and the Role of Team Teaching
the process of uncovering and researching assumptions that frame what counts as legitimate knowledge, largely by exploring multiple perspectives.
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The Robot Wrote My College Papers: Integrating Chatbots to Assist Higher Education
The ability to interpret and make judgments about the relevance and quality of information.
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Engaging Graduate Students During a Pandemic: Critical Thinking, Creativity, Communication, and Collaboration in Emergency Remote Learning
The ability to identify the main elements and assumptions of an argument and the relationships between them and draw conclusions based on the information that is available, evaluating evidence, and self-correcting, among others. It is seen as a self-regulated process that comes from developing skills such as interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and explanation, going beyond technical skills. It can, therefore, be considered a metacognitive process ( Saxton et al., 2012 ; Facione, 1990 ).
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Critical Thinking Through Game Prototyping: An Innovative Practice for Education
A complex way of thinking that comprises cognitive skills and affective dispositions, and that allows individuals to solve problems amidst a full comprehension of the conditions under which it takes place.
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Education for Citizenship in the Latin American Context
Ability to question the way knowledge is produced and distributed, to analyze reality with criteria and acquire tools for making conscious and informed decisions.
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Building a “Bridge” Between Theory and Practice: A Case Study Approach to Teaching Critical Media Literacy
Interactive process that highlights the importance of independent thinking and helps students find their voices.
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Do Chinese Students in Public and Private Higher Education Institutes Perform at Different Level in One of the Leadership Skills: Critical Thinking?: An Exploratory Comparison
Critical thinking is a rational reasoning process including identifying and validating the understanding and arguments focusing on certain issues or topics; it serves as the fundamental essential of strategic leadership for effectively and efficiently selecting, digesting and analysing, applying and evaluating the data/information obtained, as well as reflecting on the consequences of events.
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Critical Thinking Skills in Virtual Learning Environments
Critical thinking is the ability to analyze and evaluate thinking (others or your own) with a view toward improving that thinking. According to Moore and Parker (2007) AU58: The in-text citation "Moore and Parker (2007)" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. , above all else, thinking critically means screening your ideas to see if they really make sense.
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The Effect of the Web-Quest Inquiry Learning Model in Enhancing Critical Thinking and Motivation for Grade Eight Science Students
The process of actively and successfully conceiving, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating knowledge as a basis for belief and action is known as critical thinking. It requires intellectual discipline.
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Teachers' Survival Kit in the Classroom
The objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgement.
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‘Fake News' in the Context of Information Literacy: A Canadian Case Study
The ability to user higher cognitive ability and reasoning to rationally think, decide upon, or act. It requires the ability to gather facts from the environment (for example through observation), and the ability to analyze and evaluate perceived facts to decide upon an appropriate action.
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School and Teacher Partnerships at the Memphis Brooks Museum of Art
The process of analyzing, applying, synthesizing, and evaluating information in order to form judgements.
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Critical Thinking as a Multifaceted Phenomenon: A Scheme of Interdisciplinary Research Platform
A thought process based on scientific rationality and consists of cognitive processes such as: analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, comparison, generalization, concretization, abstraction, idealization, analogy, logical operations of deductive and inductive inferences, argumentation and evaluation. Critical thinking includes a set of personality dispositions, features and attitudes which along with the cognitive skills affect possibilities of reasonable and purposeful actions.
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When the Online Conversation is Prompted
A hotly-debated term in discussions of learning, it most typically refers to how learners use reflection in making meaning and achieving more complex understandings of content of any kind.
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The Use of Rubrics to Facilitate Critical Thinking
A higher order of thinking that involves analysis and synthesis of information to create questions or new ideas.
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Metacognition and Critical Thinking: Assessment Methods
it is ability to categorize, select, compare and contrast different facts and opinions to form a judgment.
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Critical Thinking and Digital Technologies: An Outcome Evaluation
It is one of 21st century skills which is a way of thinking including combining, analyzing, commenting and evaluating information.
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Teaching Critical Thinking Skills to EFL Learners via Micro-Lessons
A set of skills that supports independent learning, key elements of which are the ability to evaluate and question information using previous knowledge of logic and the ability to identify trustworthy sources of information.
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Effects of Quality Education on Sustainability in Developing Countries
The student must listen carefully, understand thoroughly, analyze logically, criticize objectively, and propose originally.
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How Active Learning Can Make a Difference
Critical thinking is a desire to seek, patience to doubt, fondness to meditate, slowness to assert, readiness to consider, carefulness to dispose and set in order; and hatred for every kind of imposture.
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Critical Thinking and Character
Systematic, rational evaluation of beliefs, theories, events and behaviors ( Vaughn, 2013 ); redefined in this chapter as the faculty of systematic, rational evaluation that we practice in social relationships, and which is allied with the faculty of character (i.e., virtues) that we practice in social relationships.
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Physical, Hybrid, and Digital Escape Rooms: Using EERGs in the English Studies Classroom Through Literature
Engaging with the society around us in order to promote a social transformation by thinking affirmatively, that is using critique in a constructive way.
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The Pedagogical Potential of Design Thinking for CLIL Teaching: Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Deep Learning
A set of skills that allows individuals to discriminate between essential and non-essential information and establish relationships between seemingly unconnected phenomena or ideas in the process of knowledge construction, all of which leads to deep understanding and learning.
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Asynchronous Learning in an English Classroom: Using Online Discussion Task to Promote Critical Thinking Skills
Critical thinking is the capability of an individual to think precisely and reasonably, understanding the logical connection between ideas.
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Leading with Intention: The Power of Must, Will, and Now
Critical thinking is a structured way of analyzing an issue both logically and intuitively in order to arrive at an actionable decision in business or life.
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Gamifying Discussion Forums
A higher-order thinking skill, one uses critical thinking to objectively analyze information and make a judgement on the validity of the given information while drawing reasonable conclusions that are not explicitly provided in the material.
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Project Management Assessment Methods
Michael Scriven and Richard Paul defined Critical Thinking at the 8th Annual International Conference on Critical Thinking and Education Reform, Summer 1987. According to these Scriven and Paul: Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. In its exemplary form, it is based on universal intellectual values that transcend subject matter divisions clarity, accuracy, precision, consistency, relevance, sound evidence, good reasons, depth, breadth, and fairness
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Music as a Tool for Interculturalism
A rigorous cognitive process that involves actively and adeptly conceptualizing, analyzing, and evaluating information acquired or produced through observation, and reflection. It serves as a compass for belief and action, guided by universal intellectual values that surpass disciplinary limitations: clarity, accuracy, precision, consistency, relevance, sound evidence, logical reasoning, depth, breadth, and fairness.
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Critical Thinking: Centering Teachers' Knowledge and Understanding
For the language arts teacher, critical thinking refers to the quality of in-depth, multifaceted and complex examination of how teachers think about their teaching, in order to reconstruct that thinking and reshape it into something better that influences decision making and instructional practice.
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Collective Approach and Best Practices to Develop Skills for the Post-COVID Era
Critical thinking is a desire to seek, patience to doubt, fondness to meditate, slowness to assert, readiness to consider, carefulness to dispose and set in order; and hatred for every kind of imposture.
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The Difference That Makes Us Similar
Cognitive and analytical capacity that evaluates information in a reflective way to make informed judgments and reasoned decisions. Its process involves an ability to analyze, question, identify, recognize, and synthesize information rigorously. It is fundamental in the academic sphere for the development of intellectual capacities and the enrichment of the analytical approach in research and learning.
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Bridging the Gap With QR Codes: QR Codes for Enhancing Cyberculture in Istanbul
An objective evaluation and analysis of issues with a motive to form better judgements.
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Enhancing Logic and Problem-Solving Skills in the Digital Age
The ability to analyze information objectively and make a reasoned judgment.
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Critical Thinking in Collaborative Video Annotations: Relationships Between Criticism and Higher Order Thinking
In the context of this study, critical thinking is operationalized as a higher order thinking (HOT) annotation that is critical in nature, or a HOT annotation that has a negative tenor.
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Fostering Students' Critical Thinking Through the Implementation of Project-Based Learning
The ability to analyze, evaluate, and interpret information in a thoughtful and logical manner. It involves questioning assumptions, considering multiple perspectives, and making reasoned judgments, enabling individuals to solve complex problems and make informed decisions.
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Teaching Critical Thinking: Content Integration, Domain-Specificity, and Equity
Cognitive activities in which students are tasked to go “beyond the information given” instead of simply repeating it, including such processes as analysis, synthesis, and evaluation.
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Digital Educational Games: A Resource to Promote Education 5.0?
Is the process of actively and skillfully analyzing, evaluating, and synthesizing information to form well-reasoned judgments and make informed decisions.
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Artistic Biotechnology: A Design Thinking Platform for STEAM Praxis
Multidimensional constructs of analysis, evaluation, and reflection.
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A 21st Century Response to Global Crisis: Enhancing Pandemic Coping Strategies by Weaving an Intricate Social Fabric
Evaluating scenarios or situations to make sound decisions or judgements based on knowledge.
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Critical Thinking, Socratic Seminars, and the College Classroom
Critical thinking is using reasoned argument to look at fact, story or statement to check if there is an alternative fact, story, or statement” ( Goodman, 2006 ).
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Developing an Assessment Program to Measure Critical Thinking: A Case Study at a Small, Online College
The ability to arrive at reasoned and supportable conclusions using sound research techniques, including inference, analysis, and interpretation.
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The Instructional Context of Critical Thinking Development in Early Childhood Education: Theoretical and Curriculum Perspectives
Critical thinking is defined as providing children with opportunities to exercise their higher level thinking processes by asking open-ended and engaging questions. Examples of open-ended questions include those that do not have “yes” or “no” replies. Rather, these questions typically entail several sentence responses.
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Human Patient Simulations: Evaluation of Self-Efficacy and Anxiety in Clinical Skills Performance
Critical thinking might be a reflective process where thinkers need to fill the gaps of understanding the assumptions associated with the topic being explored ( Brookfield, 1995 , 2013 ). Furthermore, Brookfield (1987) defined the concept of critical thinking as “a process that might be a result or a reaction to a positive or a negative event or situation in one’s life” (p. 23). Those events for instance, were positive or negative triggers because they stimulated personal emotions that motivated critical and reflective thinking for the thinker. The thinker with negative triggers might develop critical action and analysis with active inquiry in order to resolve the problem, if the thinker had the skills and courage ( Brookfield, 1987 ). Paul and Elder (2006) defined critical thinking as “the art of thinking about thinking while thinking in order to make things better” (p. xxii). Nosich (2009) AU76: The in-text citation "Nosich (2009)" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. described critical thinking as “a concept that cannot be achieved by reading alone but by thinking, hearing the lecture and reasoning as one is writing and using standards that will lead to a conclusion” (p. 3).
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Technology-Enhanced Classroom to Enhance Critical Thinking Skills: Teachers' Perspectives
Is a disciplined, self-directed thinking which exemplifies the perfections of thinking appropriate to a particular mode or domain of thinking.
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Evidence-Centered Concept Map in Computer-Based Assessment of Critical Thinking
The capacity of an individual to effectively engage in a process of making decisions or solving problems by analyzing and evaluating evidence, arguments, claims, beliefs, and alternative points of view; synthesizing and making connections between information and arguments; interpreting information; and making inferences using reasoning appropriate to the situation.
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Novel Method of Assessing Practical Intelligence Acquired in Mechatronics Laboratory Classes: Novices-Experts Methods
The intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action.
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Can Software Grade My Students' Papers?: Do I Want It To?
The analysis of facts to arrive at a judgment or conclusion. Involves consideration of rational, unbiased evaluation of evidence.
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Synectics as a Modern Method of Solving Creative Problems
The ability to think clearly and rationally about what to do or what to believe; it includes the ability to engage in reflective and independent thinking.
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Building Interaction Online: Reflective Blog Journals to link University Learning to Real World Practice
This term refers to a process that involves clear, reasoned thinking involving critique and analysis. Its details vary amongst those who define it. According to Beyer (1995), critical thinking means making clear, reasoned judgements. During the process of critical thinking, ideas should be reasoned and well thought out/judged.
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Digital Transformation: The Impetus Behind the Initiative
The ability to understand, apply, analyze, and solve problems; develop new knowledge; and think creatively.
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Application of ChatGPT in Doctoral Education and Programming: A Collaborative Autoethnography
The objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgment.
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Equipping Educators for the New Educational Paradigm
The ability to analyze information objectively, evaluate different perspectives, and develop reasoned conclusions, essential for problem-solving in various contexts.
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Towards Addressing 21st-Century Digital Transformation Skills: The Zimbabwean Higher Education Context
Is one of the most important 21st century skills, and it involves the ability to analyze information, draw conclusions, and make decisions based on evidence and reasoning.
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21st-Century Competencies in Higher Education: A Practitioner's Guide
Applying, analyzing, and synthesizing knowledge and information to tasks or problems.
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Teaching Argumentation in Higher Education: Narratives From Composition Writing Classrooms in Kenya
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Effective Teaching Strategies for Chinese International Students at a Canadian University: An Online Reading-Writing Support Program
Active, rational, and skeptical synthesis and analysis of facts, information, arguments, and situations to make judgments and reach effective conclusions.
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Educational Robotics: A Journey, Not a Destination
The ability to choose the appropriate reasoning for a situation, to effectively analyse and evaluate evidence, to synthesise and identify significant questions, and to interpret information, rationalise it and draw informed conclusions.
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Constructivist Learning Framework and Technological Application
A situation where students learn by synthesizing, analyzing, and evaluating the learning materials designed to find a solution to a learning problem. It involves mental reflection, turning the topic over and over mentally, or probing the topic being examined as a process of understanding the underlying assumption.
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Advancing Emergency Nurse Practitioner Training Using Virtual Nursing Centers
A cognitive process that requires the learner to consider the information and make decisions concerning it's relevance in their response to the problem or issue.
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Teaching through Film
Becoming aware of assumptions informing thoughts and actions.
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Interdisciplinary Perceptions: Academic Acculturation and a Pathway to Improved Critical Thinking
Construed broadly, critical thinking comprises the mental processes, strategies and representations people use to solve problems, make decisions, and learn new concepts; reasonable, reflective, responsible, and skilful thinking that is focused on deciding what to believe or do. Related dispositions can be seen as attitudes or habits of mind that include open and fair-mindedness, inquisitiveness, flexibility, a propensity to seek reason, a desire to be well-informed, and a respect for and willingness to consider diverse viewpoints.
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Soft Skills as a Critical Success Factor in Project Management
It is a systematic process that conceptualizes, applies, analyzes, synthesizes and interprets information collected from various sources of information.
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Creative Discourse as a Means of Exploring and Developing Human Creativity
The complex mental process in which the individual distances him/herself from the experience and the social projections of consciousness, trying to reflect on their rational basis, but also their impact on his/her social and personal life.
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Some Problems in Advancing Academic Inclusion: A Call for Critical Thinking
A purposeful mental activity that takes something apart, via analysis, and evaluates it on the basis of an intellectual standard. In this chapter, that something is an argument and the intellectual standard is logic, the study of arguments.
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Leveraging Digital and Cloud-Based Tools for Contextualized Assessment of Critical Writing: Best Practices and Design Principles for Learning in Remote Settings
The ability to consider multiple viewpoints and remain open to diverse sources. Critical thinking also manifests itself as students use sources to build arguments in defense of philosophical, historical, and cultural interpretive positions.
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New Innovations in Higher Education's Academic Integrity and Classroom Strategies
The capacity to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information and ideas systematically, enabling effective problem-solving and decision-making.
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Creating Spaces for Critical Literacy for Bilingual Learners: Korean Kindergartners' Discussions About Race and Gender
By adopting Freire’s definition of critical thinking, this study sees critical thinking as “transformative” thinking that questions authorities, rather than cognitive thinking employed in problem-solving and assessing accuracy.
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Towards Critical Citizenship Education in Kenya
This involves high order intellectual skills where one approaches issues through analyzing and evaluating facts, and then synthesizing the issue and applying thought or argument to the matter in order to come up with a solution or conclusion.
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Behind the Post-Truth World: A Philosophical Perspective on Information and Media Literacy
The ability to interpret a text critically. The skill of identifying authors’ ideology and intentions.
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Literacy Learning and Assessment for the Digital Age
Critical thinking is the art of analyzing and evaluating thinking with a view to improving it” (Foundation for Critical Thinking, 2013 AU68: The in-text citation "Critical Thinking, 2013" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ). New standardized tests aligned to the CCSS such as the Partnership of Assessment of Readiness for College and Careers (PARCC, 2012 AU69: The in-text citation "PARCC, 2012" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ) and the Smarter Balanced Assessment Consortium (SBAC, 2013 AU70: The in-text citation "SBAC, 2013" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ) are being developed to measure students’ ability to think critically across content areas. This phrase “critical thinking” is reiterated in the Common Core State Standards (CCSS, 2013 AU71: The in-text citation "CCSS, 2013" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ) and is employed similarly in this study.
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Exploring Assessment of Critical Thinking Learning Outcomes in Online Higher Education
Critical Thinking refers to a four step process that includes: identifying or uncovering assumptions, testing the validity of assumptions, considering different perspectives and making informed decisions ( Brookfield, 1987 , 1995 , 1997 , 2012 ).
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Human Resources in the Digital Era: Hybrid Work Environment as a “New Normal”
It is a key competence in the digital age, which is based on reflection, knowledge, the ability to evaluate evidence and effective communication. It should be trained throughout the education system.
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How Mentorship, Critical Thinking, and Self-Efficacy Impact Pre-Service Teachers and Teacher Educators in P-12 and Higher Education
A key aspect of teaching and learning that requires the thinker to utilize more than just the right skills, but to understand the attitude required to recognize when the skill is necessary, as well as the readiness to employ the mental effort required to apply it.
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Technology, Learning Styles, Values, and Work Ethics of Millennials
Critical thinking is a combination of skills including skepticism (questioning everything) evidence-based reasoning and not emotional response, self-awareness about assumptions and biases, and open-mindedness about alternative explanations.
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The Methodological Context in Higher Education
Student ability that consists of questioning concepts and statements through a process of reflection.
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Teaching With Case Studies in Higher Education
The ability to process information presented, analyze it and think logically about the information, while predicting an outcome of a decision. The student can then make a well thought out decision concerning what to do or what to believe.
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Information Literacy and the Circular Economy in Industry 4.0
Critical thinking is the ability to think critically about information.
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Applying Critical Thinking Skills on the World Wide Web
Critical thinking is thought which is directed toward the cessation of doubts and the testing of new knowledge and beliefs. The purpose of critical thinking is to modify or adopt a belief system that will best meet the needs of an individual or group.
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Critical Thinking in Research and Analysis
The ability to ask effective questions and formulate original solutions, to question new information and continuously analyze the results.
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The Erosion of Critical Thinking Development in Post-Secondary Education: The Need to Return to Liberal Education
The “Delphi Report,” a research project developed by 46 scholars across various disciplines, defined critical thinking as “purposeful, self-regulatory judgment which results in interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and inference, as well as explanation of the evidential, conceptual, methodological, criteriological, or contextual considerations upon which that judgment is based” ( Facione, 1990 , p. 2).
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Instructional Design at the Front Line: A Reflection on Epistemology and Meaning Making
The process of being able to objectively analyse and evaluate a specific subject area or issue.
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Entrepreneurship in Teaching: The Teaching of Economics A With the Application of Active Methodologies – Case Study
This is an intellectually disciplined process of actively and skilfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information gathered from or generated by observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication as a guide to belief and action.
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Workforce Education Leadership in the Twenty-First Century
Disciplined thinking that is clear, rational, open-minded, and informed by evidence.
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Teaching and Learning 21st Century Skills for Life
The ability to put up logical, reasonable, and coherent argument based on ones understanding of the issues.
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Cultivating Critical Thinking Amongst University Graduate Students
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The Power of Praxis: Critical Thinking and Reflection in Teacher Development
The process of mapping out relationships between observations to understand the causality and interconnectedness between events.
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Students' Perceptions Toward an International Telecollaboration Project Through an Engineering-Themed Online Simulation in a Language-Learning Setting
Refers to the ability to analyze information objectively and make a reasoned judgment. It involves the evaluation of sources, such as data, facts, observable phenomena, and research findings.
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Blended Learning for Critical Thinking Skill Training
The analysis and interpretation of facts to form a sound judgment or opinion.
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Globalization and Teacher Education: Challenges and Solutions to 21st Century Content Preparation and Pedagogy in Africa
The ability to analyze, interpret, reflect, summarize, and synthesize information from different perspectives.
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Leveraging VR/AR/MR and AI as Innovative Educational Practices for “iGeneration” Students
The ability to think clearly and rationally by understanding the logical connection between ideas.
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Fostering Critical Thinking Using Instructional Strategies in English Classes
The ability of individuals to undertake responsibility of their own thinking by improving appropriate criteria and standards.
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Using Argumentation to Develop Critical Thinking About Social Issues in the Classroom: A Dialogic Model of Critical Thinking Education
A higher-order thinking skill encompassing cognitive, emotional, and contextual practices to evaluate, analyze, and make judgments.
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Human Computer Interaction and the Best Mix of Face-to-Face and E-Interactions inEducational Settings
Involves a mental process of analyzing or evaluating information in an attempt to attain higher level of understanding.person or learner is what has been learnt.
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Advocating Problem-Based Learning and Creative Problem-Solving Skills in Global Education
The examination of assumptions underlying current beliefs to evaluate their correctness and legitimacy.
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Developing Meaning-Making to Promote Critical Thinking
A way of thinking in which an individual successfully navigates through complex problems with competing perspectives by determining relevant information.
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Impacts, Resilience, and Creativity in Cultural Tourism and Leisure in a Time of Pandemic: Presential and Virtual Visits to Lisbon Museums
Critical thinking is a reflexive way of thinking, based on analysis and consideration of facts, with great relevance in the digital age.
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Edutainment With Flipped IDEAS
The skill of thinking about your thinking. It requires the mental control for situational assessment and context.
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Planning for Critical Thinking in Language Arts Instruction
A skill based on an individual's ability to provide informed opinions on the basis of synthesizing new and existing knowledge.
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Promoting Reflective Thinking in Adult Learners: The Online Case-Based Discussion
The cognitive process of actively analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information. This process is a result of an observation or an experience.
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A Journey Into CLIL-Friendly Pedagogies to Inform Teacher Professional Development
It is the process consisting of purposeful, self-regulatory judgment focused on deciding what to believe or do (Kosumoto, 2018 AU42: The in-text citation "Kosumoto, 2018" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ).
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Information Literacy
The ability to think about a topic from a variety of angles in order to form an opinion.
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From Classroom to Career: A Holistic Approach to Student Preparedness
Critical thinking involves analyzing information, evaluating arguments, and making reasoned judgments to solve problems and make informed decisions.
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Preservice Teachers' Development and Application of Critical Thinking Skills in a Social Studies Methods Course
The process by which an individual or group of individuals collects, organizes, and evaluates information with the purpose of making judgments that guide beliefs and actions.
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Ethical Aspects of Information Literacy in Artificial Intelligence
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Computer Technologies in Logic Education
In the context of college curriculum, refers to the course focused on informal analysis of reasoning in law, ethics, politics, and other areas.
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Exploring Groupthink Bias and Polarisation Bias
The ability to think clearly and rationally, understanding the logical connection between ideas Halpern, D. F. (2016) AU91: The in-text citation "Halpern, D. F. (2016)" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. . Thought and knowledge: An introduction to critical thinking.
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Developing Thinking Skills in a 4th Grade Design Studio in Trinidad and Tobago
The ability to think clearly and rationally about what to do or what to believe, and to make the logical connection between ideas.
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Creativity Development through Inquiry-Based Learning in Biomedical Sciences
The skill or ability to analyze and evaluate something and draw reasoned judgments.
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